Giorgio Rossi, Trieste 25 September 2014

1. Physical Science LANDSCAPE PSE+ENERGY+HPC >75% COST of ESFRI RIs Giorgio Rossi, Trieste 25 September 2014

2. -Italy 7.4% GDP from Physics -UK 8.5% -Italy 6.1% employment -UK 4% employment GVA per worker in physics: Italy €78100 / €64000 average UK £70000 / £36000 average Since 2008 productivity +2.5% vs -1.5% all-economy productivity Impact of Physics on Economy and Competitiveness

3. Landscape Analysis work in progress: all RI in PSE offering open-access Finalcheck, introduce EMERGING and PHASE-OUT project with impact ROADMAP Update and Print

4. PSE

5. European Astronomy and Astroparticle Physics ABELA DONATH GENOVA MASIERO HÖRANDEL ROBSON STARK • European astronomy and astroparticle physics remains very competitive on an international scale. • Good long-term strategy and planning are enabled through stability of • funding for ESA and ESO in particular. • The research areas in both communities are merging together: from the investigation of solar properties up to gravity waves and the cosmic microwave background. • There are research Infrastructures of very different scales ranging from • local/national to the European/international scale, delivering breakthroughs • and having a significant scientific impact with a special emphasis on the facilities • on the present ESFRI roadmap. • The Transnational Access programs have a great benefit on the scientific • output in special in the astronomy community: well established access and • re-use of scientific data. • Europe must focus on continued technology development and ensure it is • not reliant on outside suppliers for critical items.

6. EuropeanAstronomy OUTSIDE Europe: Europ. Southern Obs. Chile (VLT – E-ELT) www.eso.org HESS Namibia www.mpi-hd.de/hfm/HESS CFHT Hawaii www.cfht.hawaii.edu Anglo-Australian Obs. rsaa.anu.edu.au ALMA Chile www.almaobservatory.org Low FrequencyArray www.lofar.org WSRT www.astron.nl EuropeanVLBI Network www.evlbi.org Effelsberg www.mpifr-bonn.mpg.de E-MERLIN www.e-merlin.ac.uk CAHA www.caha.es IRAMObservatories www.iram-institute.org IRAM Observatories www.iram-institute.org Gregor www.kis.uni-freiburg.de THEMIS www.iac.es Obs. Haute Provence www.obs-hp.fr NordicOpticalTelescope www.not.iac.es Obs. Del Teide www.iac.es Telescopio Nat. Galileo www.tng.iac.es W. HerschelTelescope sci.esa.int/herschel TBL Spiptbl.bagn.obs-mip.fr I. Newton Telescope www.ling.iac.es Liverpool Telescope Telescope.livjm.ac.uk The map shows facilities offering TA SST/ SvST www.solarphysics.kva.se Sardinia Radio Telescope www.srt.inaf.it Gran Telescopio de Canarias www.gtc.iac.es

7. European Astroparticle Physics OUTSIDE Europe: Pierre AugerLab. Argentina www.auger.org IceCUBE Antartica Icecube.wisc.edu QUBIC Antartica www.qubic-experiment.org ESO , Chile www.eso.org Boulby Underground Lab. www.stfc.ac.uk/boulby GEO600 www.geo600.org Lab. Sou. Modane www-lsm.in2p3.fr Lab. Sou. BasBruit www.lscc.eu Lab. Nat. Gran Sasso lngs.infn.it Lab.Sub.Canfranc www.lsc-canfranc.es Europ. GravitationalObs. www.ego-gw.it wwwcascina.virgo.infn.it Antares Antares.in2p3.fr KM3NET www.km3net.org Quijote CMB www.iac.es/proyecte/cmb

8. European nuclear and particle physics remains very competitive on an • international scale. • Long-term strategy and planning are performed by CERN and its • Collaborationsfor particle physics as well as by the NuPECC board and networking and open-access RIs for nuclear physics. • There are research Infrastructures of very different scales targeted on different problems in fundamental science and applications. • The Transnational Access programs cover a most of the existing facilities • Europe must focus on both Nuclear and Particle physics by exploiting • synergies in technologies for acceleration and detection systems. • There are two directions which are presently followed : • High intensity accelerators - for production of radioactive beams to investigate • the origin of element • High energy frontier- for standard model and beyond the standard model • physics, QCD, Flavour physics, dark matter…. Nuclear Physics and Particle Physics LEVAI CLAUSEN DE JONG JULIN WEINHEIMER WESSELS ZAMFIR ZOCCOLI

9. impact of ESFRI on nuclearphysics Nuclear Physics in UE NuPECC

10. EU competitiveness in Nuclear Physics Wellcoordinated Community usingRIs Trasnational Access And Joint Research

11. Research Infrastructures for Particle Physics: evolving landscape

12. Research Infrastructures for Particle Physics: global opportunities • muon-collider for discovery • (MU-TEVATRON, LHC -> LMC) • Three preparatoryphases of CERN werelisted in ESFRI-2010 • High-Luminosity LHC (adopted by CERN Coucil) • ILC • TIARA

13. Rich set of RIs, synchrotrons, neutron sources, FELs in continuous evolution. Most national facilities fully open to transnational access, coordinated at EU level (Calipso, NMI3, Laserlab) • Clustering of analytical facilities in large research campuses: Grenoble, Harwell Campus, Hamburg, Trieste, Villigen, Lund, Saclay with impact on the research system and innovation. • Conversion of High Energy Physics in Photon Science (PSI, DESY (SLAC)) • Start-up of new class of infrastructures focussing to a science programme (structural biology, nanoscience, …) based on complementary infrastructures well connected or co-located with Analytical Large Scale Facilites (PSB, BioStructX, NFFA, C-ERIC) • Europe has a lead in the technology of accelerators and light sources, strenght in electron microscopy and laser science • Europe must develop a robust framework for sustainability and maximum return from investment AnalyticalFacilities DELBOURGO PETRILLO CLAUSEN WECKERT PALSTRA HARRISON CEH CZITROVSZKY

14. muon sources synchrotron radiation sources neutron sources FELs UNDER CONSTRUCTION IFE –NO .no MaxLab / ESS – SE PETRA III / FLASH / EUROPEAN XFEL –DESY-PHOTON SCIENCE DELFT- NL FELIX / FELICE- NL HZB –DE / ELBE – DE Diamond / ISIS –UK / UJF –CZ / ANKA – DE BNC – HU SOLEIL / LLB- FR/ Atominstitute–AT /EN/ SLS / SINQ / SmS / SwissFEL– CH MLZ- DE ESRF / ILL- FR ELETTRA / FERMI - IT ALBA- ES

15. Laser Facilities (Laserlab) Laser RIs

16. Reactors and Spallation Sources for spectroscopy and scattering NeutronLandscape Group L.A. in progress 12 currently operating sources 8 first operated 1960 to 1980 4 first operated 1980 to 2010 5.2 B€ replacement value 325 M€ operational costs/year 5370 distinct users 158 instruments 2120 source days for science 29,225 instrument days 1840 papers 1.5% paid by industry (top 6 sources only)

17. Neutron Spectroscopy 2020-2030 N.L.G. experts: Carlile Petrillo Clausen Fioni Donath Fabianek Harrison Lukas Martinez Pappas Steiner • A quite likely scenario is only 4 sources operational in 2025 • By that time the access is likely to fall significantly • Fewer large facilities means a loss of training & development functions Life extension – currently imaginable easy corrective actions are taken: ISIS operates at full capacity, fuel is available for NPI and BNC, ILL and PSI both operating the entire period. In both cases Munich is operating the entire period and adding additional instruments in the new guide hall.

18. Landscape Analysis work in progress: all RI in PSE offering open-access Finalcheck, introduce EMERGING and PHASE-OUT project with impact ROADMAP