Chapter 2, Lesson 2 Life during the War

1. Chapter 2, Lesson 2Life during the War Mr. Julian’s 5th Grade class

2. Essential Question • What were the many hardships that both the North and South faced during the Civil War?

3. Places • Fort Wagner, South Carolina

4. People • Mathew Brady • William Carney • Belle Boyd • Clara Barton

5. Vocabulary • Draft • Emancipation Proclamation

6. Life for Soldiers • Pictures brought the Civil War to every American's home. • Mathew Brady took pictures of soldiers in camps and on the battle field. • The average age of a Civil War soldier was 25 but some were as young as 12.

7. Life for Soldiers • A soldiers life is difficult. • They might march 25 miles a day with 50 pounds of supplies on their back. • When it is hot, they are in the sun, when it’s cold there is no heat in a tent. • The South had life especially hard.

8. Life for Soldiers • The North’s blockade kept needed supplies life shoes and clothing from the soldiers. • Food on both sides was awful at best. • As fewer men volunteered to serve both sides issued a draft, or a requirement to serve in the military.

9. Life for Soldiers • Losses for both sides were terrible. • A total of 1 million union and Confederate soldiers were killed or wounded. • Most of that was due to infection, not direct battle injury.

10. The Emancipation Proclamation • At first the Civil War was not a war against slavery! • Lincoln’s goal was to keep the Union together. • As the war continued without a victory in sight, he believed that the only way to win was to abolish slavery.

11. The Emancipation Proclamation • Lincoln was told not to end slavery but his reply was, “Slavery must die that our nation might live.” • On January 1, 1863, President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, making all slaves in the south free.

12. The Emancipation Proclamation • His actions did little to end slavery as his order only helped those in the south, a land he had no control over.

13. African Americans in the War • In the beginning of the war African Americans were not allowed in the army. • In 1862 they were finally allowed to join but were not paid as much as whites and they had to buy their own uniforms.

14. African Americans in the War • Massachusetts 54th Colored Regiment changed the way many viewed African Americans in the army. • They fought bravely during the Battle of Fort Wagner in South Carolina. • William Carney was wounded as he carried the regiment’s flag. He never dropped the flag!

15. African Americans in the War • For his actions he was just 1 of 16 African Americans that were awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor.

16. Women and the War • Women helped the war effort in many ways. • They ran farms and businesses while the men were fighting the war. • Some even dressed like men so they could fight in the war, like Frances Clalin did.

17. Women and the War • Some women were spies. • Belle Boyd, nicknamed “La Belle Rebelle” was one of the most famous Confederate spies. • Women on both sides worked as nurses. • Clara Barton earned the nickname “Angel of the Battlefield” for her actions.

18. Women and the War • Women on both sides did all they could to help. • They sewed clothing, rolled bandages, sold personal possessions, and sent any food they could spare to the army.

19. The War Goes On • By 1863 both sides were tired of the war. • Many on both sides left the army to return home, even though it was not allowed. • They were tired, hungry, and the war was taking its toll.

20. Timeline • January 1, 1863 – President Lincoln formally issued the Emancipation Proclamation, freeing the slaves in the south. • July 1863 – The Massachusetts 54th, one of the first African American regiments to fight for the Union, attacked Fort Wagner in S.C.

21. Timeline • June 1864 – Congress gave black soldiers the same pay as white soldiers.

22. Review Question • What were the many hardships that both the North and South faced during the Civil War?