Resilience: Positive Adaptation

1. Resilience: Positive Adaptation Strengths, Health, & Thriving

2. Factors that Influence Health • Source: USDHEW, PHS, CDC. “Ten Leading Causes of Death in US 1975, Georgia Bureau of State Services, Health Analysis and Planning for Preventive Services, p. 35, 1978

3. ACE Reduction: a powerful framework for thriving

4. WHAT IS RESILIENCE? The natural human capacity to navigate life well. (HeavyRunner & Marshall, 2003) The capacity to absorb disturbance and re-organize while undergoing change, yet still retain essentially the same function, structure, identity, feedbacks. (Walker et al., 2002) The ability of an individual, system or organization to meet challenges, survive, and do well despite adversity. (Kirmayer, 2009) Resilience Occurs at All Levels: Community

5. Phases in Resilience Research Descriptive – What do resilient individuals have in common? Predictive – How questions: identify and understand processes that might lead to resilience, including risk and protective factors. Contextual –Why ages, stages, personal and family history, community context matter for promotion of resilience. Integrative – Encompasses rapid advances in the study of genes, developmental neurobiology, neural plasticity, and the conditions, contexts, and processes that affect positive adaptation throughout the lifespan. “Resilience rests, fundamentally, on relationships”. SuniyaLuthar; Resilience in development: A synthesis of research across five decades; 2006, p. 780

6. RESILIENCE AS A DEVELOPMENTAL PROCESS • We develop competencies & characteristics that prepare us to be effective in the world we’re growing into. • We develop the capacity to adapt in the face of challenges. • None of us is perfect—we’ll all have moments when we don’t appear to be very well adapted to the conditions we’re facing. • Resilience is complex; it is possible to be resilient in one setting and pathological in another.

8. Growth Protection Nourishment Wholeness

9. Relational Experience From: Loss, Trauma, and Resilience; Therapeutic Work with Ambiguous Loss; Dr. Pauline Boss; 2006

10. Three Core Protective Systems Community, Spiritual & Cultural Life Attachment & Belonging Capabilities “Nurturing the healthy development of these protective systems affords the most important preparation or ‘inoculation’ for overcoming potential threats and adversities in human development. Similarly, damage or destruction of these systems has dire consequences for the positive adaptive capacity of individuals.” Ann Masten, 2009

11. KEY SYSTEMS FOR Resilience Nourishment Protection Wholeness Growth

12. Community, Culture, Spiritual Life

13. Supporting Attachment & Belonging

14. Nurturing capability

15. Growth Risk & Protection Interact in a Cultural Context Protection Nourishment Compensatory Individuals Protective Challenge Caring, Cohesion, Belief in Each Child Belonging with Peers, School, Circle of Success Family & Community Non-punitive Provisions and Resources to Assist Belief in Societal Values Spirituality Traditional Activities Cultural Traditional Languages Traditional healing Elders Wholeness

16. Before Walla Walla Commitment to Community Neighbors Unite To Build Community Park

17. EXAMPLES OF PROGRAM & POLICY ACTIONS • Parent Trust for Washington Children has incorporated the ACE questions into their work with addicted parents facing court action (DV, termination of parental rights) resulting in: 1) improved outcomes in parenting classes and 2) reduced relapse among parents with 4 or more ACEs. • Safe Harbor Crisis Nursery in the Tri-Cities has incorporated ACEs and trauma into its day-to-day strategies and case management resulting in improved outcomes for families. • Children of Incarcerated Parents; the Legislature has mandated the executive branch to engage in an initiative to address the needs of children of incarcerated parents. The initiative and its processes are framed to address the likelihood that these children have more than this one ACE. • With the help of the Mental Health Transformation Grant and the Office of the Superintendent of Public Instruction (OSPI), Spokane is exploring the creation/implementation of trauma sensitive practices in public schools. • OSPI introduced the Compassionate Schools initiative, which supports local school districts in reducing the non-academic barriers to schools success that are created by trauma (2008). (http://www.k12.wa.us/CompassionateSchools/default.aspx)

18. Port Gamble S’Klallam Tribe – Chi-e-Chee (The Workers) Network

19. ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCE DRAFT We Can All Help Build Capacity To Reduce Adverse Childhood Experience Promote Resilience

20. Cautions about the resilience approach Expectation for Thriving Despite Oppression Strength Based ≠ Solutions Attending to Characteristics & Factors that Promote Resilience – Only Part of the Story

21. PARAMETERS FOR INTERVENTION Pay attention to critical periods and cultural context. Understand resilience as both how we engage with other people and how we interact with our environment. Enhance the relationship between person & context. Embed interventions in familiar to social setting/community contexts. Attend to possibilities for lasting impact & enduring change.

22. Enhancing Community Capacity a Dynamic Process of connection

23. Family Policy Council General Community Capacity Development Model General Community Capacity is: capacity to not only sustain programs, but also to identify new community problems as they arise, and develop ways of addressing them. General Capacity Development is a dynamic process that enhances the infrastructure, skills, and motivation of a community – changing the way we live with one another day-to-day. Literature strongly supports the importance of general capacity building in the process of promoting effective prevention. (Livet, 2008)

25. This model is powerful because success in one phase propels success in the next. It is a virtuous cycle that has the power to improve population health.

26. Virtuous Reinforcing Capacity Building - Sustainable Thriving This model is powerful because success in one phase propels success in the next. It is a virtuous cycle that has the power to improve population health.

29. Capacity Building has powerful effects • Foundations for Healthy Development Improve • Five or more different problem rates come down • (http://www.fpc.wa.gov/publications/technicalpaper-ver3.pdf) • ACE Score Is Reduced from One Generation to the Next • The average ACE score of youth transitioning into adulthood • and parenthood is reduced in high capacity communities. Fewer people • have 3 or more ACEs, thus preventing many health problems • (http://www.fpc.wa.gov/publications/Relationship%20between%20ACEs%20and%20%20BH%20and%20PH%20%206%2024%2010.FINAL.pdf) • Improved Social Responses to High ACE People Result in Better Life Course • In high capacity communities, youth who have experienced Adverse Childhood Experiences are much less likely to use alcohol, marijuana and tobacco; thereby dramatically reducing their risk for disease, disability and problems at work, home and community (http://www.fpc.wa.gov/publications/FPC_High%20Risk%20Protect%20Youth_Nov%2009.pdf & http://www.fpc.wa.gov/publications/FPC_Social-Normative%20High%20Risk%20High%20Capacity_Dec%2009.pdf)

30. Family Policy Council Resilience Measures MEASURES Focus Learning Leadership Results

31. Before Walla Walla Commitment to Community Neighbors Unite To Build Community Park

32. EXAMPLES OF PROGRAM & POLICY ACTIONS • Parent Trust for Washington Children has incorporated the ACE questions into their work with addicted parents facing court action (DV, termination of parental rights) resulting in: 1) improved outcomes in parenting classes and 2) reduced relapse among parents with 4 or more ACEs. • Safe Harbor Crisis Nursery in the Tri-Cities has incorporated ACEs and trauma into its day-to-day strategies and case management resulting in improved outcomes for families. • Children of Incarcerated Parents; the Legislature has mandated the executive branch to engage in an initiative to address the needs of children of incarcerated parents. The initiative and its processes are framed to address the likelihood that these children have more than this one ACE. • With the help of the Mental Health Transformation Grant and the Office of the Superintendent of Public Instruction (OSPI), Spokane is exploring the creation/implementation of trauma sensitive practices in public schools. • OSPI introduced the Compassionate Schools initiative, which supports local school districts in reducing the non-academic barriers to schools success that are created by trauma (2008). (http://www.k12.wa.us/CompassionateSchools/default.aspx)

33. Port Gamble S’Klallam Tribe – Chi-e-Chee (The Workers) Network

34. ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCE DRAFT We Can All Help Build Capacity To Reduce Adverse Childhood Experience Promote Resilience

35. Cautions about the resilience approach Expectation for Thriving Despite Oppression Strength Based ≠ Solutions Attending to Characteristics & Factors that Promote Resilience – Only Part of the Story

36. PARAMETERS FOR INTERVENTION Pay attention to critical periods and cultural context. Understand resilience as both how we engage with other people and how we interact with our environment. Enhance the relationship between person & context. Embed interventions in familiar to social setting/community contexts. Attend to possibilities for lasting impact & enduring change.

37. Enhancing Community Capacity a Dynamic Process of connection

38. Family Policy Council General Community Capacity Development Model General Community Capacity is: capacity to not only sustain programs, but also to identify new community problems as they arise, and develop ways of addressing them. General Capacity Development is a dynamic process that enhances the infrastructure, skills, and motivation of a community – changing the way we live with one another day-to-day. Literature strongly supports the importance of general capacity building in the process of promoting effective prevention. (Livet, 2008)

40. This model is powerful because success in one phase propels success in the next. It is a virtuous cycle that has the power to improve population health.

41. Virtuous Reinforcing Capacity Building - Sustainable Thriving This model is powerful because success in one phase propels success in the next. It is a virtuous cycle that has the power to improve population health.

44. Capacity Building has powerful effects • Foundations for Healthy Development Improve • Five or more different problem rates come down • (http://www.fpc.wa.gov/publications/technicalpaper-ver3.pdf) • ACE Score Is Reduced from One Generation to the Next • The average ACE score of youth transitioning into adulthood • and parenthood is reduced in high capacity communities. Fewer people • have 3 or more ACEs, thus preventing many health problems • (http://www.fpc.wa.gov/publications/Relationship%20between%20ACEs%20and%20%20BH%20and%20PH%20%206%2024%2010.FINAL.pdf) • Improved Social Responses to High ACE People Result in Better Life Course • In high capacity communities, youth who have experienced Adverse Childhood Experiences are much less likely to use alcohol, marijuana and tobacco; thereby dramatically reducing their risk for disease, disability and problems at work, home and community (http://www.fpc.wa.gov/publications/FPC_High%20Risk%20Protect%20Youth_Nov%2009.pdf & http://www.fpc.wa.gov/publications/FPC_Social-Normative%20High%20Risk%20High%20Capacity_Dec%2009.pdf)

45. Family Policy Council Resilience Measures MEASURES Focus Learning Leadership Results