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GUNGAHLIN COLLEGE

GUNGAHLIN COLLEGE. Human Movement SPORTS INJURIES TREATMENT AFTER DIAGNOSIS. Cryotherapy. A procedure employing the application of ice/cold in the management of injury The aim of initial treatment is to reduce swelling and bleeding so the healing process can start

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GUNGAHLIN COLLEGE

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  1. GUNGAHLIN COLLEGE Human Movement SPORTS INJURIES TREATMENT AFTER DIAGNOSIS

  2. Cryotherapy • A procedure employing the application of ice/cold in the management of injury • The aim of initial treatment is to reduce swelling and bleeding so the healing process can start • Cryotherapy also plays an important part in medium to long-term treatment as the injured part regains normal function. Icing after activity during this time limits any recurrence of bleeding and swelling as well as reducing pain

  3. Effects of Cryotherapy • Vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels) • Decrease of blood flow • Reduces haematoma, swelling and fluid release • Reduction of muscle spasm • Reduce pain • Speed up recovery • Improve healing

  4. Methods used to apply ice: • Ice pack/gel • Ice bucket (coldest effect) – 2/3 water, 1/3 ice, use crushed ice • Ice massage Apply • 15-20mins every 60-90mins Stages of sensation • Cold • Warming sensation • Aching in the injured area • Numbness (remove ice at this stage)

  5. Heat • Has no place in the first 48-72 hrs as it increases blood flow • Increasing the blood flow using heat after this time helps remove debris and lay down new tissue • Heat also makes new fibres more elastic and extendible and therefore better prepared to accept loading • Heat also provides pain relief, reduces muscle spasm and decreases joint stiffness

  6. Methods • Heat packs/gels • Heat lamps • Saunas • Physiotherapy modalities • Heat rubs and liniments (massage can be combined) • Hot showers/baths

  7. Massage • Not to be used during acute phase and while there is still swelling • Used to relieve muscle spasm and increase blood flow to injured parts after initial treatment • Helps ‘break up’ excessive adhesions and scar tissue formation

  8. Physiotherapy • Pain relief • Strengthen muscles • Helps correct healing of fibres • Improves joint mobility and range of motion • Enhances balance and coordination • Improves cardiorespiratory function • Decreases inflammation • Aids recovery • Physiotherapists use various kinds of electrotherapeutic and manual therapies to achieve full healing and pain free movement.

  9. Electrotherapeutic • Ultrasound – the use of ultrasonic waves to generate localised deep heat to the tissues • Laser – the use of laser beams to inhibit Inflammation, Promote circulation and is an Analgesic (painkiller) • Interferential – Electrical impulses to relieve pain and aid in reducing the swelling of soft tissues • Magnetic field therapy – wearing a magnetic device for extended periods of time on the injured area. Magnetic waves pass through the tissue and increase blood flow • Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) – transmits electrical impulses through electrodes • Traction Bed - Maintenance of proper skeletal alignment. • Heat and Cryotherapy

  10. Manual • MobilisationManipulation • Massage Neural stretching • Soft tissue therapies

  11. Medications Analgesics • Inhibits pain • Considered in two forms: oral and injectable • Oral – most common and easiest form (Panadol and Aspirin) • Injectable – limited place in treatment of sport injuries and some banned by the IOC (morphine and pethidine) Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) • Should be prescribed as soon as possible after injury • Reduces pain and inflammation • 3-5days of full dosage reduces recovery time • Two most common forms are aspirin and ibuprofen

  12. Corticosteroids • Stronger than NSAID • Generally involves an injection • Injections of corticosteroids are used to control inflammation and pain, but since these injections reduce the strength and flexibility of soft tissue, they are used sparingly, primarily for specific overuse syndromes.

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