1 / 20

JOINTS OF HEAD & NECK

JOINTS OF HEAD & NECK. Dr . Mujahid Khan. Atlanto-Occipital Joints. Are synovial joints Formed between the occipital condyles above and the superior surfaces of the lateral masses of the atlas below Occipital condyles are found on either side of the foramen magnum. Ligaments.

dard
Download Presentation

JOINTS OF HEAD & NECK

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. JOINTS OF HEAD & NECK Dr. Mujahid Khan

  2. Atlanto-Occipital Joints • Are synovial joints • Formed between the occipital condyles above and the superior surfaces of the lateral masses of the atlas below • Occipital condyles are found on either side of the foramen magnum

  3. Ligaments Anterior atlanto-occipital membrane: • This is a continuation of the anterior longitudinal ligament • It runs as a band down the anterior surface of the vertebral column • The membrane connects the anterior arch of the atlas to the anterior margin of the foramen magnum

  4. Posterior Atlanto-occipital Membrane • This membrane is similar to the ligamentum flavum • It connects the posterior arch of the atlas to the posterior margin of the foramen magnum

  5. Movements • Flexion • Extension • Lateral flexion • They do not rotate

  6. Atlanto-Axial Joints • They are three synovial joints • One is between the odontoid process and the anterior arch of the atlas • Other two are between the lateral masses of the bones

  7. Ligaments Apical ligament: • This median placed structure connects the apex of the odontoid process to the anterior margin of the foramen magnum

  8. Ligaments Alar ligaments: • These lie one on each side of the apical ligament and connect the odontoid process to the medial side of the occipital condyles

  9. Ligaments Cruciate ligament : • This ligament consists of a transverse part and a vertical part • The transverse part is attached on each side to the inner aspect of the lateral mass of the atlas • It binds the odontoid process to the anterior arch of the atlas • The vertical part runs from the posterior surface of the body of the axis to the anterior margin of the foramen magnum

  10. Ligaments Membrana tectoria • This is an upward continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament • Attached above to the occipital bone just within the foramen magnum • It covers the posterior surface of the odontoid process and the apical, alar, and cruciate ligaments

  11. Movements • Extensive rotation of the atlas and thus of the head on the axis

  12. Fracture of Odontoid Process • Fractures of odontoid process are relatively common • Result from falls and blows on the head • Excessive mobility of the odontoid fragment or rupture of the transverse ligament can result in compression injury to the spinal cord

  13. Fracture of Pedicle of Axis • Cause is severe extension injury of the neck, such as automobile accident or a fall • Sudden overextension of the neck, as produced by the knot of a hangman’s rope beneath the chin • Forward displacement of the vertebral body of the axis occurs • Spinal cord is rarely compressed

More Related