Pharos university Faculty of Allied Medical SCIENCE Medical Terminology MLMT-201

1. Pharos universityFaculty of Allied Medical SCIENCEMedical TerminologyMLMT-201 Dr. Tarek El Sewedy Department of Medical Laboratory Technology Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences

2. Lecture 7 Diseases and disorders & Nomenclature of Cancer

3. Intended Learning Outcomes • By the end of this lecture, students will learn: • examples of medical terms used to describe some diseases and disorders. • Nomenclature of Cancer

4. Lecture content • Common diseases and disorders. • Cancer terminology

5. Diseases and disorders

7. Nasal Aplasia

8. Radial Aplasia (thumb)

10. Radial Aplasia

11. Ear atresia

12. The jejunum is the middle section of the small intestine

14. Cystic fibrosis

15. muscular dystrophy

17. Anaphylaxis

19. anorexia nervosa

20. anorexia nervosa

21. sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

23. Terminology of cancer

24. Medical Terminology of cancer • Neoplasiaand neoplasmare the accurate, scientific names for abnormal growths. • Neoplasmscan be benignor malignant. • Canceris a widely used word that is usually understood as synonymous with malignantneoplasm. • Because of its popularity relative to 'neoplasia', the term Canceris used frequently instead of 'neoplasia‘.

25. Cancers are classified by the type of cell that resembles the tumourand, therefore, the tissue presumed to be the origin of the tumour. • The following general categories are usually accepted: • Carcinoma: malignanttumours derived from epithelial cells. This group represent the most common cancers, including the common forms of breast, prostate, lung and colon cancer. • Lymphoma and Leukaemia: malignanttumours derived from blood and bone marrow cells. • Sarcoma: malignanttumours derived from connective tissue.

26. Glioma: tumours derived from brain cells • germ cell tumours: tumours derived from germ cells, normally found in the testicle and ovary. • Choriocarcinoma: malignant tumours derived from the placenta.

27. Hepatocarcinoma: a malignant tumour of liver cells. • Liposarcoma: a malignant tumour of the fat cells. • adenocarcinoma: carcinoma of glandular tissues. • carcin(o)- (cancer causing).

28. benign – tumor at a stage preceding malignant • malignant – full blown cancer tumor • hyperplasia–Excessive growing of a group of cells. • Metastasis-Migration of cancerous cells from origin to another tissue.

29. un-differentiated cells (ex. stem cells):typically differentiate to become a specialized cell type (skin cells, blood cells, etc) • de-differentiation:refers to the apparent reversal of this process (such that the cell no longer appears to possess the properties of a stem cell, blood cell, etc).

30. Students selected for assignments

31. Assignments • Students on next slide are requested to prepare a presentation (minimum of 5 slides) on any the following topics: • Body parts and organization • Abbreviations used in medical fields • Cancer terminology Assignments should be delivered by next week

32. Study questions • - Write the suffix and the meaning for the following words hat means “condition of” in each of the following words: • 1. egotism (exaggerated self-importance) • 2. dysentery (intestinal disorder) • 3. insomnia (inability to sleep) • 4. parasitism (infection with parasites or behaving as a parasite) • 5. thrombosis (having a blood clot in a vessel) • 6. psoriasis (skin disease) • 7. analgesia (absence of pain) • 8. sclerosis (hardening)

33. Reference books 1 – Medical Terminology an illustrated Guide by Barbara Jonson Cohen 2003  2 – “Medical Terminology Simplified” F. A David 2009 3 – “Medical Terminology system : Approach Fifth Edition” Barbara A Gylys 2004