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Understanding Genetics: Facts and Misconceptions

Explore the truth behind genetic inheritance, the role of genes in determining traits, and the ethical implications of genetic testing. Learn how our genetics are determined and debunk common misconceptions about genetics.

danwood
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Understanding Genetics: Facts and Misconceptions

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  1. But IS this how it works?

  2. T or F? F F • Baldness is inherited from the mother. • You can inherit traits from your grandparents. • Genes can change after birth. • Genetics is more important than environment. • We can choose the traits of our children. • Personality traits are inherited. • All genes are active all the time. • Two blue eyed people cannot have a brown eyed child. T ??? T T F T

  3. Proof of Genetics

  4. How are our genetics determined?

  5. G1 1 2 3 4 7 G2 6 5 G3 8 10 11 9 12 13 14 G4 16 17 15

  6. Simple Genetics What are chromosomes? Where are chromosomes? Where is DNA?

  7. What is this? A cell

  8. What is this? ? A nucleus

  9. What is in the nucleus? chromosomes

  10. What are on the chromosomes? genes

  11. What are genes made of? DNA

  12. So, where is DNA found? • In EVERY living thing • Plants, animals, bacteria, viruses • In EVERY cell with a nucleus* • In the genes of every cell * exception, RED BLOOD CELL NOW YOU KNOW!

  13. Genetics Politics Ethics Law

  14. Frye v US ( DC 293 F. 1013 US1923)Page 20 • Science: polygraph • Should this be admitted? • The court decided that it wasn’t accepted in the science community. • AND…..

  15. The Frye Questions These questions were used until 1993 to determine scientific relevance!

  16. CASES DECIDED USING FRYE US v Tranowski (1981) Use of shadow length in a photo to set time Microscopic hair analysis US v Brady (1979) Sodium pentothal Lindsey v US (1956) Pathological gambling as a defense US v Gould (1984) Battered wife syndrome Hawthorne v State (1982) Sprynczynatyk v GM (1985) Hypnotically induced testimony

  17. Courts must decide what is “junk science” (p.199) Christopher Simmons Case (Missouri v Simmons) In 1993, Simmons, 17, and two other boys pushed a woman off a RR trestle into a river Amicus Briefs for the Simmons’ attorneys argument used new information on Teenage brains. Argument against executing teens http://www.abanet.org/crimjust/juvjus/simmons.html

  18. Kids swap DNA for fairground rides In 2010, at MN state fair researchers gave 10 free tickets and, a backpack and free admission to future fairs to families whose childern “spit for science”. Why? Informed consent.

  19. But, at UC Berkley, a few years ago… • Incoming freshman were asked to collect and send cheek cells. • The testing would highlight 3 genes. • Wrong or Right? • Ethical and legal arguments? • Jasper Rine, Professor of genetics invitation

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