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Properties of Minerals 1. Color not always reliable but good place to start

Properties of Minerals 1. Color not always reliable but good place to start many minerals can be found in various colors ferromagnesian minerals – contain iron or magnesium minerals are green or black. Properties of Minerals 1 . Color 2. Streak color of a pulverized mineral

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Properties of Minerals 1. Color not always reliable but good place to start

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  1. Properties of Minerals 1. Color not always reliable but good place to start many minerals can be found in various colors ferromagnesian minerals – contain iron or magnesium minerals are green or black

  2. Properties of Minerals 1. Color 2. Streak color of a pulverized mineral scraping a mineral with a porcelain plate sometimes leaves a streak that can help identify the mineral most silicate minerals (most common) don’t leave a streak because they are harder then the porcelain

  3. Properties of Minerals 1. Color 2. Streak 3. Luster quality and intensity of light that is reflected from the surface of a material metallic shiny, chrome-like, visibly looks like it is made of metal nonmetallic most common, glassy-look (vitreous) earthy resembles surface of unglazed pottery, clay appearance

  4. Properties of Minerals 1. Color 2. Streak 3. Luster 4. Hardness property of scratchability Moh’s Hardness Scale materials are compared to ten different minerals that are used as standards. fingernail 2.5 penny 3-4 knife blade or glass 5 steel file 6-7

  5. Moh’s Hardness Scale

  6. Properties of Minerals 1. Color 2. Streak 3. Luster 4. Hardness 5. Crystal Form geometric relationship between the faces of the mineral law of constancy of interfacial angles each mineral has a specific angle between the faces no matter the size, the angle is always the same

  7. Fluorite - tetrahedron Quartz 120 degrees Feldspar – parallel sheets

  8. Properties of Minerals 1. Color 2. Streak 3. Luster 4. Hardness 5. Crystal Form 6. Cleavage Ability of a mineral to break or split along a planar surface Minerals break along certain planes because the bonding between atoms is weak Not all minerals have cleavage Minerals with cleavage always split apart at the same angle

  9. Pictures of different kinds of cleavage Compositional banding Parallel discontinuities Elongate mineral grains Inequant mineral grains

  10. Properties of Minerals 1. Color 2. Streak 3. Luster 4. Hardness 5. Crystal Form 6. Cleavage 7. Fracture way a material breaks where not controlled by cleavage Many minerals break in a specific way when struck violently with a hammer Studying the break (fracture) is one way of studying the bonding of the atoms

  11. Properties of Minerals • 1. Color • 2. Streak • 3. Luster • 4. Hardness • 5. Crystal Form • 6. Cleavage • 7. Fracture • 8. Specific Gravity • The ratio of the mass of a substance to the mass of an equal • volume of water • Water has a specific gravity of 1 • ice has a specific gravity of .9 (floats) • Density • Most minerals have a higher specific gravity than water

  12. Properties of Minerals 1. Color 2. Streak 3. Luster 4. Hardness 5. Crystal Form 6. Cleavage 7. Fracture 8. Specific Gravity 9. Magnetic Some minerals have a magnetic charge thus are attracted to magnets magnetite (iron oxide)

  13. Properties of Minerals 1. Color 2. Streak 3. Luster 4. Hardness 5. Crystal Form 6. Cleavage 7. Fracture 8. Specific Gravity 9. Magnetic 10. Chemical Tests Carbonate minerals calcite mix with weak acid and it gives off CO 2

  14. Properties of Minerals 1. Color 2. Streak 3. Luster 4. Hardness 5. Crystal Form 6. Cleavage 7. Fracture 8. Specific Gravity 9. Magnetic 10. Chemical Tests

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