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UMR Carrtel Research Center on Trophic Networks and Lake Ecosystems

UMR Carrtel Research Center on Trophic Networks and Lake Ecosystems. Unit Lake Observatory Some results. Bernard MONTUELLE. 1-1. Global scientific context. functionning of alpine lakes ecosystems related to their watershed and the atmosphere

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UMR Carrtel Research Center on Trophic Networks and Lake Ecosystems

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  1. UMR Carrtel Research Center on Trophic Networks and Lake Ecosystems • Unit • Lake Observatory • Some results Bernard MONTUELLE

  2. 1-1. Global scientific context • functionning of alpine lakes ecosystems related to their watershed and the atmosphere • the effect of drivers , especially in the context of the present re-oligotrophisation dynamics and the climate change.  • - 3 Sub systems and specific functionnings • Fluxes and internal exchanges • - External drivers and exchanges Climate Atmosphere T, light, deposits, Watershed- rivers Lake Land Uses Pollutions Flux./proc. soils ACTIVITES HUMAINES flux./proc. Flux./proc Water uses (fishing, recreational…) Regulations Standarts  Integers the global change issues

  3. 1-1. Global scientific context Issue 1: Fluxes and processes at the interfaces ATMOSPHERE T, lumière, dépôts Bassin versant - affluents ► biogeochemical hot spots ► upstream-downstream fluxes ► fluxes modelling flux sols Issue 2: Structuring ecological processes Lac ► role of biodiversity ► biological models ►productivity- trophic fluxes ►ecotoxicology Biodiversity 3 organisation levels flux flux Functions Structure usages (pêche…) ► measurements ► quality indicators ► helping managers Issue 3 : Quality and management of the lakes and their ressources (environmental drivers changes)

  4. 2 – Operational issues  Taking into account the managers/stakeholders questions Léman • 1950-1980 • * eutrophication • 1980-1990: *control of P fluxes • * re-oligotrophication Annecy Bourget Current questions (Ministery –Water Agency –Lake managers) • Re-oligotrophisation and climate vs fishing • Micropollutants (new or old)  Changes of land uses (practices..) • Gobal management (lake+watershed) • Lake uses: • fishing • water resources • recreational • ecological services

  5. 3.1 The Unit and it’s scientific topics Thonon Chambéry RITOXE group: Fish Resources and Ecotoxicology of Lake Ecosystems (8) Watershed group: Watershed, fluxes, sediments (5) BIO-FEEL group: Biodiversity, Functions and Evolution of Lake Ecosystems (5) 45 full time 20 scientists 10PhD + post Head (1) Biodiversity and Molecular Biology Group (5 ) Sampling group(5) Chemistry lab(4) Outdoor experimental devices (2) Technical group (University of Savoie(3 ) Secretariat and Accounting (2) Computing and database (2) Workshop (2) Resource Center(1) Environmental Research Observatory

  6. 3.2 The Unit and it’s scientific topics ATMOSPHERE T, lumière, dépôts Bassin versant - affluents Group WaterShed: Transferts and functionningat interfaces Main topic: The Watershed as a transfer system to the lakes ♦ Functional spatialization of watershed ♦ Fluxes from terrestrial to aquatic ecosystems flux sols Lac Group » Biodiv- Funct »: Ecologicalprocesses and biologicalresponses Main topic: « Functionning and regulation of trophic networks» ♦ Pelagic communities ♦ Functional role of biodiversity flux flux Group « Fish & Ecotox »: Environmentalquality and Resources management usages (pêche…) Main topic:« Halieutic and stocking » ♦ Drivers of fish productivity (lakes and rivers) Main topic:« Algal and microbial ecotoxicology (biofilms, ..) » ♦ Contamination dynamics and impacts (pesticides)

  7. 3.3 The Unit and it’s scientific topics ACADEMIC (60 to 70 %) ► Producing generic knowledges (25 internat. papers/year + books) ► Building environmental Observatory: Alpine Lake Observatory ► Contributing to scientific networks RESULTS for SOCIO-ECONOMIC Instances and Public stakeholders (20%) ► Expert reports (Soils, Taxonomy), study reports, assessments,.. ► Decision-making assistance, developing partnerships (lakes, fishing, agriculture),producing documents ( technical guides, reports, …) RESULTS for education and training for research (<10%) ►University and engineer Schools. ►PhD formation ►PhD: ± 3/year

  8. The Environmental Research Observatory « Alpine Lakes » (LTER) Léman Mesotroph (re-oligotrophisation ±1950 ± 1980 ± 1990 Annecy Oligotroph Le Bourget Mesotroph (re-oligotrophisation) • OBJECTIVES   • Organize data collection, their storage, their use and their accessibility • Scrutinizing, understanding and modelling the trajectories and the ecological mechanisms controling the lake systems exposed to changes in anthropic and climatic pressures, at a 10 years time steps ».

  9. - Long term surveys • Physicochemical and biological processes • controling water quality • Ecological trends • Consequences of global change Long termlimnology > 10 years Short and midtermprocesses Observatory 1< < 10 years Associatedprojects - Small mountains lakes - Micropollutants ecodynamics

  10. Database Parameters - Physico-chemistry - Phytoplancton - Zooplancton - Bacterio & virioplankton - Chlorophyll - Primary production - Probes - Weather - Fish catches (annual) Information Systems – data base data Public access 10

  11. Historical data Léman 1980 2000 1960 1970 1990 1920 2010 Annecy Bourget On paper ………………………………………………. General conditions On paper…………………………………………………………………. Transparency (Secchi) Meteo data Physico-chemistry {…..on paper …………….} Primary production Phytoplancton Bacterioviroplancton Zooplancton (net 1) Zooplancton (net 2) Fishessurveys Perch O+ Flurorometric probe Multiparameters Probes

  12. Long term dynamics of lakes: Eutrophication - Reoligotrophication Increasing pollution Control of wastewater µg/l PO4 120 100 BOURGET 80 LEMAN 60 40 ANNECY 20 0 59 62 68 71 74 77 80 83 86 89 92 95 56 65 98

  13. Long term dynamics of lakes: Trophic network changes Phosphorus = limiting factor Lake Leman Top-Down control 350 300 250 Changes in fish diversity (oligotrophy) Réponse Réponse Catches (tons) 200 Abondance Abondance 150 100 50 Coregonus albula 0 Temps 300 Biovolume (ml.m-2) Réponse Réponse 250 Abondance 200 Abondance 150 100 100 Temps 80 50 60 0 Réponse Réponse 3.7 40 Abondance Abondance Log (Biov+1) (µg.l-1) 3.5 20 3.3 0 3.1 Temps Temps 2.9 Effet 2.7 Effet PO4 2.5 Abondance Abondance 04 74 80 86 92 98 PO4 (µg/L) Temps Temps 74 80 86 92 98 04 Bottom -up control Anneville et al., 2007 Journal of¨Plankton Research)

  14. Thank you for attention LACS http://www.dijon.inra.fr/thonon

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