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Top 4 FOC countries 1999-2005

An independent report for the International Transport Worker’s Federation, WWF International and the Government of Australia Matthew Gianni and Walt Simpson Royal Institute for International Affairs 9 May 206. 2005 Country # Vessels Belize 241 Honduras 416 Panama 222

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Top 4 FOC countries 1999-2005

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  1. An independent report for the International Transport Worker’s Federation, WWF International and the Government of Australia Matthew Gianni and Walt Simpson Royal Institute for International Affairs 9 May 206

  2. 2005 Country # Vessels Belize 241 Honduras 416 Panama 222 St Vincent 74 Top 4 FOC countries1999-2005

  3. IUU FISHINGReport on progress in the implementation of the UN FAO IPOA ON IUU FISHING • Continued widespread use of flags of convenience by large-scale fishing vessels in spite of the adoption of the IPOA on IUU fishing • Large numbers of companies and nationals from ‘Responsible’ flag states continue to own or operate FOC/IUU fishing vessels

  4. IUU FISHINGReport on progress in the implementation of the UN FAO IPOA ON IUU FISHING • Extensive laundering of FOC/IUU catches by transshipment vessels on the high seas • Genuine link: an issue for both fishing and transshipment vessels operating on high seas

  5. High Seas Bottom Trawl Fisheries and their Impacts on the Biodiversity of Vulnerable Deep Sea Ecosystems: Options for International Action Matthew Gianni IUCN, WWF, Conservation International, NRDC

  6. High seas Bottom Trawl Fisheries - Gianni M. IUCN (2004)www.iucn.org/themes/marine/pubs/pubs.htm • Catch: 170,000 – 215,000 mt in 2001 (0.2% of global catch) • Value: $280-$320 million USD in 2001 (<0.5% of value of world marine catch) • 100-200 (300+) vessels (of app. 3.1 million worldwide) • No contribution to food security

  7. High Seas Bottom Trawl Catch (2001) *Spain 40% *Russia 14% Portugal 7% Estonia 7% Lithuania 4% Norway 7% DK/Faroes 6% Japan 4% Iceland 3% *NZ 2% Latvia 2% Other 4% * Geographically most dispersed 11 Countries responsible for 95% of high seas BT catch: most are OECD/OCDE countries and/or parties to 1995 UN Fish Stocks Agreement) The European Union (including Baltic States) responsible for approximately 60% in 2001

  8. UN General Assembly 2004 Fisheries Resolution (A/59/25), paras 68-69: Establish new RFMOs or expand existing RFMO coverage where none exists Map (below): White shows areas of the high seas where no RFMO currently exists with legal competence to manage deep-water/bottom fisheries. (Hoagland, P. WHOI, 2004)

  9. Legal Deficiencies and GapsGianni M. “High Seas Bottom Trawl Fisheries and Their Impacts on the Biodiversity of Vulnerable Deep-Sea Ecosystems: Options for International Action” IUCN 2004 www.iucn.org/themes/marine/pubs/pubs.htmDeep-water bottom trawl fisheries on the high seas largely characterized by: • Serial depletion target species • Unregulated fishing • Unreported fishing • No controls over new and exploratory fisheries • Non selective/bycatch • No biodiversity protection • Inconsistent (IUU) with UN Fish Stocks Agreement, FAO Code

  10. Key recommendations • Market state restrictions • Vessel marking system (e.g. IMO #) • Global database large-scale fishing vessels • Regulate at-sea transshipment/resupply • Working and safety conditions/RFMO ‘white’ lists • Engage associated industries (e.g. banking/financial services)

  11. Additional issues • Consolidated RFMO lists • Vessels using two or more flags? • Flag Unknown vessels • FOC vessels reflagging to ‘responsible’ flag states • ITLOS An electronic version of the report can be found at http://www.mffc.gov.au/releases/2005/05214m.html or at http://assets.panda.org/downloads/iiumr.pdf

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