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Cornell Notes:

Cornell Notes:. X. Reform in Great Britain. The Luddites: 1811-1816. Attacks on the “frames” [power looms]. X. The Luddite Triangle. Ideas: Utilitarianism. Individual Freedom Jeremy Bentham “the greatest happiness for the greatest number” John Stuart Mill

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Cornell Notes:

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  1. Cornell Notes: X

  2. Reform in Great Britain

  3. The Luddites: 1811-1816 Attacks on the “frames” [power looms].

  4. X The Luddite Triangle

  5. Ideas: Utilitarianism • Individual Freedom • Jeremy Bentham • “the greatest happiness for the greatest number” • John Stuart Mill • Votes for women & working class • Government should help working class

  6. Peterloo Massacre, 1819 British Soldiers Fire on BritishWorkers: 19 dead, 700 woundedLet us die like men, and not be sold like slaves!

  7. Reform Act of 1832 • Rotten Burroughs – Members of Parliament not representative of population • lowered property qualifications • Redistributed votes in House of Commons to represent cities

  8. British Reform Bill of 1832 X

  9. Chartist Movement • 1830’s • Wanted … • Universal Adult Male Suffrage • Salaries for Parliament • Secret Ballot

  10. X The Chartists A female Chartist A physical force—Chartists arming for the fight.

  11. Impact of Chartists • Abolition of slavery in the coloniesin 1832. • Sadler Commission to look intoworking conditions • Factory Act [1833] – child labor. • New Poor Law [1834] – indoor relief. • Poor houses.

  12. Anti-Corn League, 1848 • Wanted to end tariff on imported grain—hard on factory workers • First modern protest group • Demonstrations • Lectures • Posters • pamphlets

  13. Ireland • Controlled by England & Immigrant English Protestants • Discrimination against Catholics • Potato Famine 1845-50 • Demand “Home Rule” • Charles Parnell • 1921 – Ireland became independent • Except Northern Ireland

  14. Education Reform • Ragged Schools – religious schools for poor • 1881 – public schools & mandatory education from 5-10 years old • 1918-public secondary schools

  15. The Socialists:Utopians & Marxists • People as a society would operate and own themeans of production, not individuals. • Their goal was a society that benefited everyone, not just a rich, well-connected few. • Tried to build perfect communities [utopias].

  16. Queen Victoria X • 18 yrs old • Reigned from 1837-1901 • Height of British Empire

  17. William Gladstone • Liberal • Prime Minister • Supported social reforms • Education • Anti-Poverty • Suffrage

  18. Benjamin Disraeli • Conservative • Prime Minister • Preserve Aristocracy • Supported moderate reform

  19. Suffragettes—Women’s Rights • Emmeline Pankhurst • Demonstrations & marches • When jailed went on hunger strikes • Women’s Property Acts 1882 • Women over 30, Right to Vote 1918

  20. Other Reformers • Fabian Society—Socialism by gradual reform • Labor Party—Trade Unions

  21. Manchester, England 1750: 17,000 1850:300,000 2010:480,000

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