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The Jacksonian Age: Election of 1824, Indian Removal, Nullification Crisis, Bank War, Economic Panic of 1837

Explore the key events and issues of the Jacksonian Age, including the controversial election of 1824, Indian Removal policies, the Nullification Crisis, the Bank War, and the Economic Panic of 1837.

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The Jacksonian Age: Election of 1824, Indian Removal, Nullification Crisis, Bank War, Economic Panic of 1837

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  1. 7.3 – 7.4: The Jacksonian Age

  2. ELECTION OF 1824 “The Corrupt Bargain” John Quincy Adams, Andrew Jackson, William Crawford and Henry Clay Jackson wins popular vote (13% margin) but loses the contest in the House of Representatives to John Quincy Adams Henry Clay – Secretary of State 1828 – Jackson returns and wins in a landslide

  3. ELECTION OF 1828 • The Democratization of the United States • Expanded suffrage • From 1824-1828 the electorate grows by threefold (All free white male taxpayers could now vote) • Jackson forms the Democratic-Republicans / “Democrats”

  4. Old Hickory – The People’s President Spoils System Emphasis on grassroots over caucus Jackson’s First Inaugural

  5. INDIAN REMOVAL • The Five “Civilized” Tribes • Cherokee • Creek • Seminole • Choctaw • Chickasaw

  6. INDIAN REMOVAL • The Cherokee and cultural assimilation: • Use of English (alphabet) • Newspaper • Schools • Churches (Christianity) • Self-government (constitution) • Clothing, homes • Farming / cultivation • Slavery (?!?!?!?)

  7. INDIAN REMOVAL 1830 – Indian Removal Act 1831 – Cherokee Nation v. Georgia 1832 – Worcester v. Georgia 1835 – Treaty of New Echota 1838-1839 – Trail of Tears

  8. Worcester v. Georgia (1832) The Cherokee tried to win recognition of their land claims Chief Justice Marshall: “The Cherokee Nation then is a distinct community, occupying its own territory. . . In which the laws of Georgia can have no force, and which the citizens of Georgia have no right to enter without the assent of the Cherokee themselves or in conformity with treaties and the acts of Congress.”

  9. The Nullification Crisis • The Tariff of Abominations (1832) • An increase on the earlier protective tariffs (1816, 1824, 1828) • Ordinance of Nullification • John C. Calhoun (Jackson’s V.P.) returns to South Carolina to lobby for nullification (The South Carolina Exposition). South Carolina declares the tariff “null and void” and threatens secession. • Force Bill • Jacksons threatens to use the military against South Carolina. Clay brokers a compromise.

  10. THE BANK WAR • Renewal Charter for the Second Bank of the United States • Forcing the renewal early as an election issue (1832) • Nicholas Biddle (Bank President) is supported by Clay and Webster • Jackson’s Veto • Jackson feels the bank served only to benefit the wealthy at the expense of the poor: “The Bank…is trying to mill me, but I will kill it.” • Pet Banks • Treasury Secretary Roger Taney helps organize a system of “loyal state banks”

  11. ECONOMIC PANIC OF 1837 • President Martin Van Buren • Causes of the Panic of 1837: • Specie Circular • Withdrawal of British investments • Lack of a national bank

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