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Ch. 19 – Bacteria Notes

Ch. 19 – Bacteria Notes. Review:. Kingdom Eubacteria and Archaebacteria; Old Kingdom = Monera Unicellular Prokaryotic, no cellular membranes, no nucleus Auto and Heterotrophic. Bacteria Identification:. Shape Sphere-Shape (coccus)

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Ch. 19 – Bacteria Notes

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  1. Ch. 19 – Bacteria Notes

  2. Review: • Kingdom Eubacteria and Archaebacteria; Old Kingdom = Monera • Unicellular • Prokaryotic, no cellular membranes, no nucleus • Auto and Heterotrophic

  3. Bacteria Identification: • Shape • Sphere-Shape (coccus) • Ex. Strep Throat (streptococcus), pneumonia (diplococcus), staph (staphylococcus)

  4. Rod-Shaped (bacillus) Ex. Typhoid fever (caused by salmonella: Boil it, peel it, cook it, or FORGET IT! Transmitted by ingestion of food or water contaminated with feces of infected people. Typhoid Mary – 36 years quarantined!), Botulism (home canned foods or bad seal on canned foods.)

  5. Spiral-Shaped (spirillum) • Ex. Syphilis Congenital syphilis (mom gives it to fetus in utero.)

  6. More types of syphilis (secondary).

  7. More Bacteria Identification: • Cell Wall (chemical nature) – can see the wall by gram-staining! • Take-up Crystal Violet (purple) = Gram Positive • Take-up Safranine (red) = Gram Negative

  8. ID Cont. • Bacterial Movement • Flagella – tail • Glide along slime (they make this themselves) • Some don’t move!

  9. …and the last way to Identify bacteria • Oxygen Use • Require Oxygen – AEROBIC • NO Oxygen - ANAEROBIC

  10. Growth and Reproduction • Bacteria reproduce in three different ways 1. Binary Fission – bacteria double in size, double DNA and divide in half (asexual reproduction)

  11. Growth and Reproduction 2. Conjugation – a hollow bridge forms between two bacteria cells and they exchange genetic information (sexual reproduction)

  12. Growth and Reproduction • 3. Spore formation – when conditions are bad, bacteria form endospores which lay dormant until conditions get better for growth.

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