1 / 57

Census Data for Researchers

Census Data for Researchers. Thursday Feb 23, 2012 3:30-4:45 pm. Getting Acquainted with Research Data. Six 1.5 hour seminars this Spring Census (Content & Issues): Today Foreclosure Crisis Data : March 8 Data from IGO’s : March 16 Geoportal/GIS resources : March 22

coralia
Download Presentation

Census Data for Researchers

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Census Data for Researchers Thursday Feb 23, 2012 3:30-4:45 pm

  2. Getting Acquainted with Research Data Six 1.5 hour seminars this Spring • Census (Content & Issues): Today • Foreclosure Crisis Data : March 8 • Data from IGO’s : March 16 • Geoportal/GIS resources : March 22 • AddHealth : April 12 • Census (Resources) : April 26

  3. Today The Census Bureau spends a LOT of money – ($7 billion (2010), 11 billion dollars (2011)) - each year in its mission as the primary statistical agency of the US. It gathers an enormous amount of data about individuals, households, establishments and firms from a broad array of surveys and censuses. All of this is made possible by ongoing investments in developing new content, maintaining sampling frames, evaluating quality of responses, and responding to methodological issues and concerns. Today, we will identify the primary data collections of the Census Bureau, looking at content, geography, access levels, standard data products, value-added research resources, and issues in cross-time and cross-survey analyses.

  4. Recurring Questions • Basic distinctions about collections Survey vs. Census Population & Households vs. Economic Title 13 vs. Title 15 Microdata vs. Aggregate data • Content What questions are asked and how? • Geography What data is available for what areas? • Multi-legged stools Drawing on multiple resources, surveys, time periods and geographies….and the strengths and drawbacks.

  5. Why is the Census Bureau important? • Huge data collection budget • Even more money allocated on basis of data collection (~400 Billion annually) • Most widely used social science data • High quality sample frames • Large samples sizes, small geographies • Consistency

  6. Broad Data Collections • Population & Housing Census - every 10 years • Economic Census - every 5 years • Census of Governments - every 5 years • American Community Survey – annually • Many additional surveys -- both Demographic & Economic • Economic Indicators - each indicator is released on a specific schedule

  7. Supplementary Resources • Population Projections and Estimates • Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates • Small Area Health Insurance Estimates • Geographic shapefiles & resources

  8. Behind the scenes:Sampling Frames (Household Surveys) • Master Address File (MAF) • Official inventory of known living quarters • Linked to TIGER • Housing Units • Based on Census 2000 MAF and updates from the USPS’ Delivery Sequence File • Group Quarters • updates from the administrative records and the FSCPE

  9. Behind the scenes:Sampling Frames (Business Surveys) • Business Register • Census Bureau’s master business list • Industry classification - NAICS • Geographic classification – states, counties, etc. • Legal form & tax status • Establishments • Places of Business • Enterprises • Firms

  10. Behind the scenes:Sampling Frames (Business Surveys)

  11. Behind the scenes:Sampling Frames (Geography/Other) • Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing system (TIGER) • Boundary and Annexation Survey (BAS) • Annual; legally defined geographies • Population Estimates • Based on Vital statistics data, IRS migration, Medicare enrollment data

  12. Broad Data Collections Population & Housing Census • Every 10 years • Full enumeration • Mixed mode (mail-in, CATI, in-person) • Long form/short-form (2000 and earlier) • Multiple data releases

  13. Census 2010: Content 10 Questions Name Sex Age Relationship (to Household Head) Hispanic Origin Race Owner/Renter Status Plus Whether each member sometimes lives/stays elsewhere Total number living in residence Probe for unreported persons Telephone contact

  14. Census 2010: Products Reapportionment data – December 2010 Redistricting data – February-April 2011 SF 1 – June – August 2011 SF 2 - Dec 2011 – April 2012 Same Sex Couple Summary File – Nov 2011 Congressional District Summary File – Jan 2013 AIAN Summary File – April 2013 State Legislative District Summary File – June 2013 PUMS - TBD

  15. Census 2010: Product Detail P.L. 94-171 (Redistricting Data) State and sub-state counts down to the block level are shown for the total population and the population 18 years and over for 63 race groups; and not Hispanic or Latino origin by 63 race groups. Also shown are housing unit counts by occupancy status (occupied units, vacant units).

  16. Census 2010: Product Detail P.L. 94-171 (Redistricting Data)

  17. Census 2010: Product Detail Summary File 1 (SF1) • About 300 tables • Counts and cross tabulations • Counts for detailed race, Hispanic or Latino groups, and American Indian/Alaska Native tribes (to the tract) • Tables repeat for major race groups alone, two or more races, Hispanic or Latino, White not Hispanic or Latino • Geography: block, census tract http://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2010/glance/files/SF1_Final_1.5_Internet.xls

  18. Examples of SF1 Tabulations P1 Total population (1) P3 Race (71) P8 Hispanic or Latino (17) P12 Sex by age (5-year groupings) (49) P14 Sex by age for the population under 20 (single years of age) (43) P15 Households (1) P17 Average household size (1)

  19. Census 2010: Product Detail Summary File 2 Detailed tables on age, sex, households, families, relationship to householder, housing units, and group quarters. Tables are repeated by 141 race groups, 98 American Indian and Alaska Native tribes/tribal groupings, and 39 Hispanic or Latino origin groups.

  20. Per Census Bureau Technical Documentation: “The concept of race, as used by the Census Bureau, reflects self-identification by people according to the race or races with which they most closely identify. These categories are socio-political constructs and should not be interpreted as being scientific or anthropological in nature. Furthermore, the race categories include both racial and national-origin groups.” “Origin can be viewed as the heritage, nationality group, lineage, or country of birth of the person or the person’s parents or ancestors before their arrival in the United States. People who identify their origin as Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino may be of any race.”

  21. SF2 - Detailed Asian Categories Asian Japanese Asian Indian Korean Bangladeshi Laotian Bhutanese Malaysian BurmeseNepalese Cambodian Pakistani ChineseSri Lankan Chinese, except TaiwaneseThai TaiwaneseVietnamese Filipino Other Asian Hmong Indonesian

  22. SF2 - Detailed Hispanic/Latino Categories Hispanic or Latino (of any race) Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Other Hispanic or Latino Dominican Central American Costa Rican Guatemalan Honduran Nicaraguan Panamanian Salvadoran South American Argentinean Bolivian Chilean Colombian Ecuadorian Paraguayan Peruvian Uruguayan Venezuelan Spaniard All other Hispanic or Latino

  23. SF 2 - 42 American Indian Categories

  24. SF2 Subject Content • Population tables at census tract (PCT) level • Population tables at county level 10 Housing tables at census tract (HCT) level

  25. Other Deccenial-based tabulations • Same-Sex Tabulation a single table, but tabulated as reported, not “edited” to unmarried partner • Congressional and State Legislative summary files – retabulation of SF1 to new boundaries • Other summary files draw upon ACS, rather than decennial

  26. Where’s all the interesting stuff? In 2000 (and earlier) censuses, the census used more than one form: • A “short” form, which asked basic demographic data, just like the 2010 census form (AKA – 100% data) • A “long” form, which collected both the items on the short form and a broader set of items about income, education, ancestry, language, disability, employment, etc.. (AKA – sample data) Now, decennial census focuses solely on basic demographic data, and social and economic data are collected in the American Community Survey (ACS)

  27. Broad Data Collections American Community Survey • Annual • Replacement for the “long form” of the decennial census. • HH sample fully implemented in January 2005, annual sample of around 3 million. • Multi-mode: mail, CATI, CAPI • Multiple Data releases – 1 year, 3 year, 5 year, PUMS

  28. ACS Content - Basic

  29. ACS: Design of the Sample • Annual Sample Size of 3 million addresses • Series of Monthly Samples of 250,000 addresses • HU sample in each of the 3,141 Counties • Areas with smaller populations sampled at higher rates than those with larger populations • HU Address sampling rate set by Block • Final sampling rate varies between 1.6% and 10% • No HU address can be sampled more than once in 5 years

  30. ACS: Data Collection • HU addresses by three modes • Mailout of paper questionnaire in 1st month • Telephone (CATI) non-response follow-up in 2nd month • Personal visit (CAPI) non-response follow-up in 3rd month to a sub-sample • GQ • Personal visit within 6 weeks of sample selection

  31. ACS: Sample Design • GQ facilities sample for each state • Two stratum • Small (15 or fewer residents) • Large ( more than 15 residents) • Small • Data collected on all residents • Facility eligible once in 5 years • Large • Groups of ten residents sub-sampled • Number of groups determined by size of facility • Facility eligible every year

  32. ACS Content Tests 2006 Health Insurance Marital History Veteran's Service-connected Disability 2007 Field of Degree (BA) 2010 Computer Ownership-Internet Access Parental Place of Birth 2011-2013 Testing of Internet Response mode

  33. Distribution Formats • Like former decennial census data, released in both aggregate and microdata formats • Because of change to continuous sampling, however, aggregate data released at different geographic levels with differing collection frames

  34. Sample Data Summary Files Summary File ….. 3? • 813 tables of data • Counts and cross tabulations of sample items (income, occupation, education, rent and value, vehicles available) • Lowest level of geography: block group

  35. Multi-year estimates • Larger geographies have multiple options for estimates – 1 year, 3 year, 5 year • Comparing and interpreting overlapping multi-year estimates not intuitive: only differences come from the non-overlapping period.

  36. EEOC: Fall 2010 37

  37. New this time: EEOC ACS 2006-2010 5-year file Margins of error 2010 Census population base 2010 SOC Occupation categories Additional variable: Citizenship 38

  38. Basic Census Geography

  39. Legal/Administrative Entities

  40. Statistical Entities

  41. Non-Nested Geographies – PUMAs A public use microdata area (PUMA) is a decennial census area for which the U.S. Census Bureau provides specially selected extracts of raw data from a small sample of long-form census records that are screened to protect confidentiality. These extracts are referred to as ‘‘public use microdata sample (PUMS)’’ files. For Census 2000, two two types of PUMAs were delineated within states. PUMAs of one type comprise areas that contain at least 100,000 people. The PUMS files for these PUMAs contain a 5-percent sample of the long-form records. The other type of PUMAs, super-PUMAs, comprise areas of at least 400,000 people. The sample size is 1 percent for the PUMS files for super-PUMAs. PUMAs cannot be in more than one state or statistically quivalent entity. The larger 1-percent PUMAs are aggregations of the smaller 5-percent PUMAs. PUMAs of both types, wherever the population size criteria permit, comprise areas that are entirely within or outside metropolitan areas or the central cities of metropolitan areas.

  42. Some Key Points to Remember • Census Geographies include nested and non-nested geographies • Some geographies defined politically, others for statistical and reporting purposes • Geographies range in size from a block to the nation as a whole, but different sorts of data available depending on type of geography

  43. Demographic (Household) Surveys • Survey of Income and Program Participation • Survey of Program Dynamics • American Housing Survey • Current Population Survey • Consumer Expenditure Survey (CES) • And more…..

  44. Survey of Income and Program Participation The Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) program, initiated in 1983, is a longitudinal, multi-panel survey primarily of adults in households in the United States. • Sampled households are interviewed at least nine times at four-month intervals and followed over the life of the panel. New samples (panels) are drawn periodically, ranging in size from around 13,000 HHs to around 40,000 HH’s. (annually 1984-1993; 1996, 2001, 2004, 2008) • The SIPP attempts to interview all members age 15 and older in the household during the first wave of interviewing. Subsequent interviews may be in-person or by phone, with the same interviewer speaking to the same respondents. • New members who join the household are interviewed after they join; departing members are interviewed at their new address.

  45. Survey of Income and Program Participation • SIPP information falls into two categories: the core information, and other questions (found in "topical modules") that produce in-depth information on specific subjects and are asked at only one or two interviews. • SIPP core content covers demographic characteristics, work experience, earnings, program participation, transfer income, and asset income.

  46. Current Population Survey • The Current Population Survey (CPS) is a monthly survey of about 50,000 to 65,000 households conducted by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The survey has been conducted for more than 50 years. • The CPS is the primary source of information on the labor force characteristics of the U.S. population. The sample is scientifically selected to represent the civilian noninstitutional population. • Households are in the survey eight times: four consecutive months, eight months off, and then a final four months. • Estimates obtained from the CPS include employment, unemployment, earnings, hours of work, and other indicators. They are available by a variety of demographic characteristics including age, sex, race, marital status, and educational attainment. They are also available by occupation, industry, and class of worker. • Supplemental questions to produce estimates on a variety of topics including school enrollment, income, previous work experience, health, employee benefits, and work schedules are also often added to the regular CPS questionnaire.

  47. Current Population Survey • Annual Social and Economic Supplement (ASEC) • (formerly called the Annual Demographic Survey or March Supplement) • Voting and Registration (November) • School Enrollment (October) • Food Security; every year since 1995 • Computer Ownership • Fertility and Marital History • Fertility and Birth Expectations • Contingent Workers and Alternative Employment • Displaced Workers • Job Tenure and Occupational Mobility • Race and Ethnicity • Tobacco Use • Work Experience • Work Schedules

  48. American Housing Survey • Provides information on the size and composition of the housing inventory in the United State, neighborhood characteristics, characteristics of occupants. household characteristics, income, housing and neighborhood quality, housing costs, equipment and fuels, size of housing unit, and recent movers. • The AHS returns to the same housing units year after year to gather data; therefore, this survey is ideal for analyzing the flow of households through housing. • Sample of ~ 65,000 • Collected for HUD • Separate national (fixed sample for ~50,000, followed since 1985) and metropolitan samples (~3,200 – 4,800 per area, every 6 years, 12-14 areas/year) • More detailed data, less geographic detail, than census

  49. Consumer Expenditure Survey • The Consumer Expenditure Survey (CES) provides information on the buying habits of American consumers and also furnishes data to support periodic revisions of the Consumer Price Index. A new sample is drawn annually, and includes about 60,000 households. • The survey consists of two separate components: (1) a quarterly Interview Survey in which each consumer unit in the sample is interviewed every three months over a fifteen-month period, and (2) a Diary Survey completed by the sample consumer units for two consecutive one-week periods. • The quarterly interview gathers retrospective data on purchases, and focuses on regular and large expenses. • The Diary Survey contains consumer information on small, frequently-purchased items such as food, beverages, food consumed away from home, gasoline, housekeeping supplies, nonprescription drugs and medical supplies, and personal care products and services. Participants are asked to maintain expense records, or diaries, of all purchases made each day for two consecutive one-week periods.

More Related