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The Coast Guard and U.S. Life-Saving Service

The Coast Guard and U.S. Life-Saving Service. Danger Lighthouse keepers and volunteers Insufficient. Life-Saving in Early America. Founded in 1785 Shelters for shipwrecked mariners 1787: “Houses of Refuge” Small sheds Lovell’s Island. Massachusetts Humane Society. Dr. John Warren

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The Coast Guard and U.S. Life-Saving Service

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  1. The Coast Guard and U.S.Life-Saving Service

  2. Danger Lighthouse keepers and volunteers Insufficient Life-Saving in Early America

  3. Founded in 1785 Shelters for shipwrecked mariners 1787: “Houses of Refuge” Small sheds Lovell’s Island Massachusetts Humane Society Dr. John Warren One of the founders and initial trustees of the Massachusetts Humane Society

  4. Stations only near busy ports Large gaps of coastline Not manned nor maintained Theft and vandalism No Boats Early Problems M.H.S. House of Refuge

  5. Society began using small boats British developed “lifeboats” William Raymond 30-feet long, 11 crewmen First lifeboat station at Cohasset, Mass. Making Improvements Boston, 1800

  6. First government directive 1831: Gallatin 1837: Congressional authorization to search Rescue on the high seas Responsibility and Means Additional Measures U.S. Revenue Cutter Gallatin

  7. Congressman from New Jersey 14 August 1848: Congress appropriates $10,000 “surfboats, rockets, carronades…” Limited to New Jersey William A. Newell New Jersey coast

  8. Captain in Revenue Marine Interested in lifesaving Established 8 stations with equipment 12 January 1850: Ayrshire rescue Douglas Ottinger

  9. Winter of 1870-71: Public Outcry 20 April 1871 Paid surfmen and more stations Captain John Faunce Report on the state of life-saving Steps toward a National Life-Saving Service Captain John Faunce

  10. 4 June 1878: U.S. Rep. Samuel S. Cox 18 June 1878: Congress passes the legislation creating the USLSS President Hayes nominates Kimball Congress approves Establishment of the United States Life-Saving Service President Rutherford B. Hayes

  11. Appointed to Treasury Department 1871: Director of Revenue Marine Founding father of the U.S. life-Saving Service Sumner Increase Kimball

  12. Beach Apparatus Beach Cart Boats: Lifeboat & Surfboat Cork Lifebelt Heaving Stick and Line Lyle Gun & Faking Box Breeches Buoy Lifecar Coston Flare Life-Saving Equipment

  13. Used to get rescue lines to the wrecks Beach Apparatus Beach Apparatus all laid out

  14. Beach Cart

  15. Lifeboat Surfboat Boats

  16. Ramp-Launched Launching Lifeboats

  17. From the Beach Launching Surfboats

  18. Benjamin Coston Martha Coston Adopted by the US Navy Every USLSS station equipped Helped save thousands Coston Flare

  19. Short-stick with oval weight Surfman threw it Proved inadequate for shore-based rescues Alternative was needed Heaving Stick and Line

  20. David A. Lyle, U.S. Army. Improved design The Lyle Gun

  21. Firing the Lyle Gun

  22. Shotline Faking Box Surfmen stringing the shotline in the faking box Completed faking box

  23. Joseph Francis invented the lifecar Carried up to 6 people Used until 1899 The Lifecar

  24. Breeches Buoy Breeches Bouy in Action Crewmen Training with the Breeches Buoy

  25. Uniforms of the Service USLSS station keeper USLSS surfman

  26. USLSS Uniform Variations

  27. Cork Lifebelt

  28. Foul Weather Gear Gear for conducting rescues On Beach Patrol

  29. Life-Saving Stations Equipment storage area at an unidentified station Surfmen entertaining themselves at their station

  30. USLSS Stations in New England Different views of the Life-Saving Station at Narragansett, Rhode Island

  31. Floating Life-Saving Station Floating station at Louisville, Kentucky

  32. Life-Saving Stations in the Carolinas Currituck, North Carolina Bogue Inlet, North Carolina

  33. House of Refuge in Florida U.S.L.S.S. House of Refuge at Indian River Inlet, Florida

  34. Lifesaving Medals • Gold Lifesaving Medal • Silver Lifesaving Medal

  35. Gull Island Life-Saving Station 18 August 1899: He single-handedly rescues ten people Awarded Gold Lifesaving Medal Rasmus S. Midgett

  36. Pea Island on the Outer Banks African-American crew 11 October 1896: E.S. Newman 5 March 1996: Pea Island receives Gold Lifesaving Medal Pea Island Station

  37. Kill Devil Hills Station assists with first flight Surfman J.T. Daniels Crew assisted with subsequent flights USLSS & the Wright Brothers at Kitty Hawk Kill Devil Hills Station crewmen First Flight of the Wright Brothers’ Flyer

  38. 13 June 1942: Nazi team lands on Long Island beach Beach patrolman John Cullen foils Nazi saboteurs John C. Cullen & Operation Pastorius

  39. 20 January 1915: An "Act to Create the Coast Guard" Combines the U.S. Life-Saving Service and the Revenue Cutter Service 28 January 1915: Woodrow Wilson signs into law U.S. Coast Guard created End of the USLSS

  40. Today’s Coast Guard • 40,000 Active Duty • 8,000 Reservists • 6,000 Civilians • 35,000 Auxiliarists 140 Helicopters 55 Fixed Wing 1,700 Small Boats 255 Cutters (65’ - 420’)

  41. What the USCG is Doing: Right Now, Every Day Polar Ice Breaking International fisheries Fisheries Ice Breaking Force Protection Multi-mission Port Security Search & Rescue Monitoring Cargo Military Cargo CENTCOM EUCOM HI Search & Rescue Counter Drug Migrant Ops Migrant Ops AT-FP Counter Drug Prisoner Ops

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