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Chemical Bonding

Chemical Bonding. Matter and Mass. Anything that a mass and takes up space has matter . The mass of an object is how much matter you have. Mass is different than weight. Your mass at one particular moment does not change based on location. Weight is due to gravity and changes. Atoms.

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Chemical Bonding

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  1. Chemical Bonding

  2. Matter and Mass • Anything that a mass and takes up space has matter. • The mass of an object is how much matter you have. • Mass is different than weight. Your mass at one particular moment does not change based on location. Weight is due to gravity and changes.

  3. Atoms • An atom is a basic unit of matter that consists of a nucleus and electron cloud. • An element is a pure chemical substance consisting of one type of atom distinguished by its number of protons • The atomic numberof an element is the number of protons found inside the nucleus of an element

  4. Structure of an atom • The nucleus is a dense region consisting of protons and neutrons at the center of the atom • Proton are positive particles • Neutron are neutral particles • Electrons are very small negative particles found in the electron cloud. They are placed into orbitals.

  5. Mass of an Atom • When the number of protons and neutrons in an atom of an element is massed, it is the mass number. • Some atoms of the same element have a different number of neutrons, therefore having a different mass. (Ex: C12 and C14) This type of atom is called an isotope.

  6. Bonding • A chemical bond is an attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances consisting of two or more atoms. Each has a completed orbital. • A compound is a pure chemical substance that is composed of two or more different chemical elements. Ex: H2O

  7. Covalent Bond • A bond formed when two or more atoms share electrons to have a completed outer shell. The finished product is electrically neutral. • Covalent bonds form molecules.

  8. Ionic Bond • One atom gives away one or two electrons to have a full outer shell and becomes a positive ion, cation. • A second atom receives one or two electrons to fill the outer shell and becomes a negative ion, anion. • The two ions are now electrically attracted.

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