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Brazil: Society, Culture, Media, Politics and Economics

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Brazil: Society, Culture, Media, Politics and Economics

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    1. Brazil: Society, Culture, Media, Politics and Economics Miguel Ángel López Latin American Studies 14.1-15.4.2011

    2. Brazil

    3. Brazil

    4. Portugal - Spain

    6. Treaty of Tordesillas

    7. Tordesillas

    8. Portugal- Vasco da Gama

    9. Portuguese Empire

    10. Spanish Empire (+ Iberian Union 1581-1640)

    12. Pedro Álvares Cabral

    13. Pedro Álvares Cabral 22.4.1500

    14. Pau Brasil (Brazilwood)

    15. Slavery

    16. SUGAR CANE Portuguese cultivate sugar on the east coast of Brazil. Growing number of sugar plantations demanded more workers. Amerindian population had become smaller. Labor shortage ? import slaves from Africa into Brazil to work on the plantations.

    17. Maroons ? QUILOMBOS Maroons = escaped slaves Formed communities like those they were forced to leave in Africa ? Quilombos Famous one: Palmares (1/2 1600)?fought off several attempts by Portuguese and Dutch colonizers to destroy it. http://www.quilombocountry.com/ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oAeIXDbz2_Q FILM http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vj8lP-yg04U&feature=related BAHIA

    18. Branqueamento Brazil ? one of the last countries to end the slave trade and slavery. The Brazilian economy depended on African slave labor. 1850: Brazil abolished the trade in slaves in 1850 1888: All slaves in Brazil were set free. Racial discrimination. Branqueamento = Whitening ? to make the people of Brazil more white, and less black. Brazil did not allow non-Europeans into the country. Cultural branqueamento.

    19. Decline of the sugar industry in the 17th century ?Portuguese colonizers operating on the coast of Brazil go inland ?they found gold and diamonds Photo: Sebastiao Salgado, 1986 Gold Mine of Serra Pelada, Federal State of Para.

    20. Cattle & Coffee

    21. ECONOMY, PERIODS A case: Soybean 1. timber (Pau Brasil) in the first years of colonization 2. sugarcane in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries 3. precious metals (gold) and gems (diamonds) in the eighteenth century; 4. coffee and cattle in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. 5. land rich in natural resources? principally iron ore, bauxite, manganese, nickel, uranium, gold, gemstones, oil, and timber.

    22. Rubber soldiers

    23. Getulio Vargas - Juscelino Kubitschek - Luiz Inácio ”Lula” da Silva In 1889 Brazil became a Republic and introduced a new Constitution. The first 30 years were marked by the politics of “Coffee with Milk”, a reference to the states of Minas Gerais and Săo Paulo (respectively producers of dairy and coffee), which took turns governing Brazil. In 1930, led by Getúlio Vargas, the country embarked on a new industrial and urban development model. Basic human rights and workers’ rights were implemented ? The New State From 1960, Juscelino Kubitschek made good on his campaign promise to build a brand new capital, Brasilia, and achieve “50 years of development in 5 years”

    25. Juscelino Kubitschek 1956-1961

    26. Brasilia - Oscar Niemeyer

    28. Joăo Goulart 1961-1964 Reformas de Base Strong state intervention in the economy. Education reform: Paulo Freire method (Sorrettujen pedagogiikka, Pedagogia do oprimido, Pedagogy of the Oppressed). Prohibited the operation of private schools. 15% of the income produced in Brazil would be directed to education. Tax reform: control of profits transfer by multinational companies with headquarters abroad ? the profit should be reinvested in Brazil. Income tax would be proportional to personal profit. Land reform: properties larger than 600 hectares would be expropriated and redistributed to the population by the government. Urban reform: people could own only a single house. Those who had more than one urban property would have to donate them or sell their properties at low prices.

    29. Military government 1964-1985

    30. Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva 2003-2010

    31. MST http://www.visualab.org/index.php/history (Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem-Terra, MST) . The backbone of their movement is land occupation. Today, 47 percent of Brazil's land is owned by just 1 percent of the population, making the country's land distribution the second most unequal in the world. As a result, a class of four and a half million people are left on the verge of starvation, without land of their own.

    34. BRAZIL: politics LULA DA SILVA DILMA ROUSSEFF

    38. Dilma Rousseff

    39. Violence in Brazil is criminal rather than political? Favelas: Rocinha

    42. CULTURE “Culture is a dynamic process of solving human problems and dilemmas in areas of human relationships, time, and nature.” Fons Trompenaars “A collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the member of one human group from another” G.H. Hofstede “Culture is a rich complex of meanings, beliefs, practices, symbols, norms and values prevalent among people in a society” Shalom Schwartz “Culture is how things are done around here.” John Mole

    48. Brazil & Finland

    49. Brazil & Japan

    50. Brazil & France

    51. Brazil & Germany

    52. Brazil & USA

    53. Finland & Germany

    54. Finland & Sweden

    55. Finland & France

    56. Greetings “Olá, prazer em conhecę-lo” (Hello. Nice to meet you). Kiss, hug or shake hands? Everything will do: kisses, hugs, taps. Leave shaking hands only to formal situations. ? High context, polychronic, high haptics

    57. Greetings

    58. ECONOMY, PERIODS A case: Soybean 1. timber (Pau Brasil) in the first years of colonization 2. sugarcane in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries 3. precious metals (gold) and gems (diamonds) in the eighteenth century; 4. coffee and cattle in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. 5. land rich in natural resources? principally iron ore, bauxite, manganese, nickel, uranium, gold, gemstones, oil, and timber.

    60. Manaus

    61. Amazon

    66. Foreign Direct Investment

    67. Exports, products:

    77. BRASIL UE-Brasil http://ec.europa.eu/external_relations/brazil/index_en.htm

    80. Capoeira http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4Lz8MvC3c8 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qaNbArShLqg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DSpbGga2Q1Q

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