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Becoming a World Power

Becoming a World Power. Chapter 22. U.S. Abroad (late 19 th century). Interest in extending influence America Abroad: hard & soft power influence 1) Protestant Missionaries 2) Businessmen 3) Imperialists. U.S. Abroad (late 19 th century).

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Becoming a World Power

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  1. Becoming a World Power Chapter 22

  2. U.S. Abroad (late 19th century) • Interest in extending influence • America Abroad: hard & soft power influence 1) Protestant Missionaries 2) Businessmen 3) Imperialists

  3. U.S. Abroad (late 19th century) • Mahan’s Influence of Sea Power Upon History (1890) • Imperialist belief in strong navy (p 564) - 1898, U.S. 5th largest navy in world - 1900, U.S. 3rd largest navy in world

  4. Path to Spanish-American War • Spain & Cuba relations • 2nd revolution (1895) • Spain’s Concentration camps • Media reports shocking stories • McKinley sends USS Maine to Cuba

  5. Road to War • two events lead U.S. to war 1) De Lome Letter - published in US newspapers 2) Explosion of USS Maine(Feb 1898) a. 260 Americans died b. “remember the Maine!” c. Congress responded by mobilizing for war

  6. Outbreak of War • McKinley’s conditions for avoiding war: • Congress declares war (4-14) - teller amendment • Spain declares war (4-24)

  7. McKinley's “splendid little war” • April to August 1898 • 1 million volunteer / 500 lost in combat • Naval Superiority • Battle of San Juan hill (Rough Riders) - 3 battles (Santiago)

  8. McKinley's “splendid little war” • U.S. deaths (5,700/ 500) • Treaty of Paris 10/1/1898 • transfer of Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico & Cuban independence • American Pacific empire (p 570) • Huge victory for U.S./ heals wounds of civil war • John Sousa's "Stars and Stripes Forever" p-572

  9. The American-Filipino War • Mission to “civilize” • brutal war in Philippines (4 years) • insurgents & guerilla tactics • US lost 4,200 soldiers ($160 million) - set up concentration camps to fight insurgents

  10. Diary of an American Soldier in the Philippines • In writing home this New Yorker wrote that his unit “had killed 1,000 Filipinos-men, women, and children- in retaliation for the murder of a single American soldier....I am in my glory when I can sight my gun on some dark skin and pull the trigger.” • Estimates as high as 200k Filipinos die

  11. American-Filipino War (continue) • revolt crushed by 1902 - Independence deferred until 1946

  12. President McKinley Assassinated by Leon Czolgosz (1901)

  13. The Roosevelt Corollary (1904) • Foreign Policy objectives: - (pg 575)

  14. The Panama Canal • America’s interest in Canal • US obtain rights from France • Colombia rejected US offer • Roosevelt encourages rebellion • US recognizes Panama

  15. Roosevelt’s historic (1906) Completion (1914) - shortened voyage 1921- US pays Colombia $25 million Completion of the Canal

  16. Conclusion • US rise as a global power- control western hemisphere • Expanded navy & presence in world affairs • Giving the size, military & economic strength of America, many believed US should act as a police power in international affairs • What do you think? Agree or disagree?

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