1 / 34

Chapter 39 Antineoplastic Agents Department of Pharmacology, Yunyang Medical College

Chapter 39 Antineoplastic Agents Department of Pharmacology, Yunyang Medical College Lu Juan( 卢娟 ). Teaching outline. To master the categories of antineoplastic drugs and the basic mechanisms.

cissy
Download Presentation

Chapter 39 Antineoplastic Agents Department of Pharmacology, Yunyang Medical College

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Chapter 39 Antineoplastic Agents Department of Pharmacology, Yunyang Medical College Lu Juan(卢娟)

  2. Teaching outline • To masterthe categories of antineoplastic drugs and the basic mechanisms. • To understand the principles of combination of antineoplastic drugs ,the pharmacologic actions, clinical applications and adverse reactions .

  3. Overview • Cancer incidence and treatment measures • The development history of cancer chemotherapy • Novel anticancer drug

  4. the adaptation syndrome of antineoplastic drugs: • Systemic tumor • Some solid tumor which have good effect to chemotherapy • the consolidation and adjuvant therapy as post-operation and radiotherapy • the palliative treatment of Late, extensive transfer and recurrent tumors • Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy

  5. 眼科检查:双眼瞳孔区可见白色反光,双眼底可见肿瘤眼科检查:双眼瞳孔区可见白色反光,双眼底可见肿瘤

  6. Pharmacological Basis

  7. GF(growth fraction) composition oftumor cells : Proliferating cell population Whole-cell group GF= 1、Proliferating cell population---Targeting of therapy Rapidly growing tumors, the GF is greater , and sensitive to drugs. 2、Group of non-proliferating cells Including three parts ofquiescent cells, no proliferation cells (already differentiated cells) and dead cells, in which quiescent cells are not sensitive to drugs is a source of tumor recurrence.

  8. Cell cycle, including: • Resting (G0 phase) • Proliferating cycle: Presynthesis(G1 phase) DNA synthesis(S phase) Premitotic(G2 phase) Mitosis(M phase)

  9. no proliferation cells G2 (19%) S (39%) M(2%) Dead cells G1(40%) (G0) Group of non-proliferating cells Proliferating cell population sensitive to drugs. a source of tumor recurrence.

  10. the relationship between Cell proliferation cycle and the anti-cancer drugs

  11. Classification of antineoplastic agents According to the role of cycles or phases • cell cycle specific agents, CCSA • cell cycle non-specific agents, CCNSA

  12. no proliferation cells G2 (19%) S (39%) M(2%) Dead cells G1(40%) (G0) Group of non-proliferating cells Proliferating cell population sensitive to drugs. a source of tumor recurrence.

  13. The relationship between biochemistry and antineoplastic agents

  14. Classification of antineoplastic agents According to the biochemical mechanism of action • Drugs that affecting nucleic acid biosynthesis • Drugs that damaging structure and function of DNA directly • Drugs that inhibiting synthesis of RNA by interfering with transcription process • Drugsthat affecting synthesis and functions of proteins • Drugs thataffecting the balance of hormones • Other

  15. Classification of antineoplastic agents According to the chemical structure and source • Alkylating agents • Antimetabolites • antitumor antibiotics • plant alkaloids • Hormonal agents

  16. Adverse reactions

  17. (一)Recent toxicities一common toxicities • bone marrow depression——is the most common serious adverse reactions • Gastrointestinal reactions • Hair follicle damage

  18. (二)Recent toxicities一Specific toxicities • Renal toxicity and bladder toxicity • Pulmonary toxicity • Cardiotoxicity • Neurotoxicity • Ototoxicity • Immunosuppression • Hepatotoxicity

  19. (三)Long-term toxicity Infertility, mutagenic, teratogenic carcinogenesis:Second primary tumor

  20. Commonly used anti-cancer drugs • Alkylating agents( cell cycle non-specific agents) cyclophosphamide • Antimetabolites ( cell cycle specific agents) methotrexate,MTX

  21. antitumor antibiotics ( cell cycle non-specific agents ) ADM • plant alkaloids • vinblastine ,VLB • vincristine,VCR

  22. 长 春 花

  23. Camptothecine

  24. Podophyllotoxin

  25. paclitaxel

  26. Hormones • other

  27. The principles of using drugs

  28. 长 春 花 Best Wishes for Your Success in Final Examination

More Related