Hispanic Serving Institutions

1. Hispanic Serving Institutions Dr. Eva Serrano Former Title V Director, Morton College (HSI) Currently at Aurora University Assistant Professor, College of Professional Studies

2. Looking to the future • Latino college enrollment is projected to increase faster than other groups. Between 2006 and 2017, enrollment of Hispanic students is projected to increase 39%, compared to 5% for whites, 26% for blacks, 26% for Asian/Pacific Islanders, 30% for American Indian/Alaska Natives, and 1% for nonresident aliens. • Source: Projections of Education Statistics to 2017, NCES, 2008

3. Demographics: Current Facts • 45.5 million Hispanics in the U.S. (2007) • 3.9 million in Puerto Rico • Median age is 27.6 for Hispanics compared to 36.6 for the population as a whole • Almost half of the nation’s Hispanics live in California (29.1%) and Texas (18.9%). In Illinois, 15% of state population is Hispanic.

4. Hispanic Educational Attainment • 40.7% of Hispanics 25 and over have not completed high school, compared to 13.9% of non-Hispanic whites. • 8.8% have a bachelor’s degrees and 3.6% an advanced degrees, compared to 18.6% and 9.8% for non-Hispanic whites. • 54% of Hispanic high school graduates ages 16-24 were enrolled in college in 2005, compared to 73.2% for non-Hispanic whites.

5. The Question • How can the United States keep its promise to provide and support educational access and opportunity to U.S. Hispanics/Latinos, the fastest growing minority group in the country?

6. Federal Mandate • 1992 • Higher Education Act (HEA) of 1965 is reauthorized and this leads to the creation of federal programs and funding to support Hispanic Serving Institutions (HSIs) • HSI eligibility: degree-granting institutions with full-time equivalent undergraduate enrollments that are at least 25% Hispanic • 1998 • Further legislative efforts in the reauthorization of HEA of 1965 which result in a separate designation for HSIs, Title V • Why is this important? A distinct identity within federal discussion of higher education was finally established related to U.S. Latinos

7. Criteria • Eligibility criteria • Enrollment NOT mission among accredited and degree-granting public or private nonprofit IHEs • 25% or more total undergraduate Hispanic full-time equivalent student enrollment

8. HSIs share strengths & challenges • Strengths • Motivated to pursue higher education • Appreciate a work ethic • Respect and value their family • Believe in the value of higher education • Often bilingual/bicultural

9. Strengths & challenges (con’d) • Challenges • First in their family to attend college • Come from low-income families • Work 20 or more hours per week

10. What does federal government fund? • Mission To enhance and expand the capacity of eligible IHEs to serve Hispanic and low-income students by providing funds to improve and strengthen the academic quality, institutional stability, management, and fiscal capabilities of eligible institutions. • Types of Projects Funds may be used for activities such as: faculty development; funds and administrative management; development and improvement of academic programs; endowment funds; curriculum development; scientific or laboratory equipment for teaching; renovation of instructional facilities; joint use of facilities; academic tutoring; counseling programs; and student support services. • 5-year individual development grants (up to $2 million) • 5-year cooperative arrangement development grants ($2mm-$3mm) • 1-year planning grants

11. Appropriation History • Year 1 (1993) $45 million allocated, but only $12 million became available • By 1997, only $10.8 million was appropriated • Fiscal Year 2006 $94,914,270 • Fiscal Year 2007 $94,914,270 • Fiscal Year 2008 $93,255,852

12. Quantity of Hispanic Serving Institutions in the U.S. & Puerto Rico (HSIs)

13. HSIs (con’d) Of these, 128 (48%) were public two-year institutions, 57 public four-year institutions, 71 private four-year institutions, and 10 private two year institutions.

14. Where are HSIs located?

15. HSIs in Illinois (2006-07)

16. Emerging HSIs in Illinois (2006-07)

17. What does this mean? • 1,968,000 Hispanics were enrolled in college in 2006, including 192,000 in Puerto Rico • 268 HSIs are home to 51% of all Hispanics enrolled in postsecondary education

18. Looking ahead • Emerging HSIs (20-24%) across the U.S. 67 institutions with 80,945 Hispanic students • U.S. Latino population is young • Will HSIs expand in number across the country?

19. Successful guiding practices • Create a culture of evidence at the institution to encourage the use of disaggregated data to better understand how Latino and other students are performing and to guide campus decisions and initiatives. • Share data on Latino students with faculty, staff, and students at least once a year so that they know how students are performing.

20. Successful guiding practices (con’d) • Use short-term measures of academic progress to guide improvements in curricula, instruction, and support services for Latino students. • Encourage and support the sharing of disaggregated student data between community colleges and baccalaureate-granting institutions to help establish better transfer pathways and to understand the barriers and facilitators for Latino college student success.

21. Successful guiding practices (con’d) • Provide a holistic approach to serving Latino students within the institution. Incorporate leadership, research, academic programs, support services, and student life programs. • Partner with other educational organizations in the community to align educational resources. pathway to better support students.

22. Successful guiding practices (con’d) • Seek external sources to develop and test innovative practices while adding proven practices to the institutional budget. • Apply lessons learned in improving services to Latinos to improve services for all students.

23. Sources • www.ed.gov • www.edexcelencia.org • www.hacu.net • Macdonald, V.M., Botti, J.M., & Hoffman Clark, L. (2007). From Visibility to Autonomy: Latinos and higher education in the U.S., 1965-2005. Harvard Educational Review, 77 (4), 474 -504.