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Molecular Formula and the Degree of Unsaturation

Molecular Formula and the Degree of Unsaturation. molecular formula = C n H 2 n +2 – 2 hydrogens for every π bond or ring. degree of unsaturation = the total numbers of π bonds and rings. Compounds with Molecular Formula = C 8 H 14. C n H 2 n +2 = C 8 H 18.

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Molecular Formula and the Degree of Unsaturation

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  1. Molecular Formula and the Degree of Unsaturation molecular formula = CnH2n+2 – 2 hydrogens for every π bond or ring degree of unsaturation = the total numbers of π bonds and rings

  2. Compounds with Molecular Formula = C8H14 CnH2n+2 = C8H18 Therefore, C8H14 has two degrees of unsaturation. compounds with six hydrogens and two degrees of unsaturation

  3. Saturated and Unsaturated Hydrocarbons Saturated hydrocarbons have no double bonds. Unsaturated hydrocarbons have one or more double bonds.

  4. Nomenclature of Alkenes Replace “ane” of alkane with “ene.” The functional group gets the lowest possible number.

  5. Stereoisomers are Named Using a cis or trans Prefix

  6. Nomenclature of Dienes two double bonds = diene

  7. Nomenclature of Alkenes Number in the direction so thatthe functional group gets the lowest number.

  8. Nomenclature of Alkenes Substituents are stated in alphabetical order.

  9. Nomenclature of Alkenes

  10. Nomenclature of Cyclic Alkenes A number is not needed to denote the position of the functional group; it is always between C1 and C2.

  11. Nomenclature of Alkenes

  12. Nomenclature of Alkenes

  13. Vinylic and Allylic Carbons vinylic carbon: the sp2 carbon of an alkene allylic carbon: a carbon adjacent to a vinylic carbon

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