Basic of optical-electronic physics

1. Basic of optical-electronic physics Department of Photoelectronics and Physics School of Science，Foshan University Foshan 528000, GuangDong Province, China 曹 辉

2. Introduction to myself • born in Hunan province, in 1973. • bachelor's degree in physics from Hunan normal University,in 1995 • master's degree in optical engineering, Chinese aviation academe, in 1998 • Ph.D(Philosophy doctor) in optical engineering at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology • At present, Associate Professor with Foshan University, • current research interests are in the field of fiber optical parametrical amplifiers and related applications,and LED lighting. • Now, happy to study with everybody here

3. Introduction to the Course • Instructor: teacher Cao • Office: photoelectrical technology Lab,2nd floor,Basical Lab building Office Hours: By appointment only • Tel:80331378 13690183248 • Email:foshancaohui@sina.com • QQ:978739471

4. Grading (tentative) • Homeworks/quizes 30 % • Midterm 0 % • Final 70 % The exam includes all topics covered. • The test questions will all be presented in english. Answer in english too. • Textbook (required): Optical electronics in modern communications/现代通信光电子学/Amnon Yariv./5th ed. • ayariv@its.caltech.edu caltech California tech ( 美国) 加利福尼亚理工学院 • Amnon Yariv, born in Israel，in 1930, one of the initiators of photo electronics • Supplementary texts (optional):Optical electronics in modern communications/现代通信光电子学/Amnon Yariv chinese version 电子工业出版社 • Introduction to Optics, F. L. Pedrotti, L. S. PedrottiOptics, E. Hecht,Laser Electronics, J. T. Verdeyen,Modern Optics, G. R. FowlesModern Optics, R. D. Guenther 增补物

5. The contents which we will learn in our course • The baisc knowledge of optic electronic physics(chapter 1) • The propagation of rays and beams (chapter 2) • The propagation of optical beams in fibers (chapter 3) • Optical resonators(谐振腔)（chapter 4） • Some specific laser systems (chapter 7) • Electronic-optic modulation (电光调制)of laser beams (chapter 9) • Detection of optical radiation (chapter 11) • Holography and optical data storage (chapter 14)

6. www.sunbeamtech.com/PRODUCTS/LED%20FAN.HTML a http://www.lasercomponents.co.uk/ What is optical science and technology? From the interaction of the light and the matters to know: - How to emit the light? How to control, change and transmit the light? - How to detect the light?

7. Keywords • Dispersion • Interference • Diffraction • Diode • Fluorescence • Geometric Optics • theoretical models • 色散 干涉 衍射 二极管 荧光 几何光学 理论模型

8. Dispersion CD ROM under one light source. Diffraction Interference Rainbow is caused by light dispersion. (Courtesy of Art Wolfe.) Interference causes beautiful blue-purple colors on butterfly’s wings. www.cs.purdue.edu/.../iridescentPhenomena.html Beetle http://www.physics.ucla.edu/demoweb/demomanual/optics/index.html Crystols with film coating. http://www.physics.ucla.edu/demoweb/demomanual/optics/index.html

9. biomedical 生物(学和)医学的 www.imperial.ac.uk/research/photonics/

10. The application of the optical science and technology? Liquid Crystal Display

12. Basic theoretical models & the associated parameters

13. 电磁的 B.E. Saleh and M.C. Teich Fundamentals of Photonics, Wiley 1991

14. normal Θi Θr Θt plane of incidence Geometric Optics Law of reflection n1 Θi = Θr Law of refraction ni × sinΘi = nt × sinΘt n2

15. Geometric Optics Absolute refraction index： 甘油 油酸

16. Wave Optics

17. Joke • A man goes to church and starts talking to God. • He says: "God, what is a million dollars to you?" and God says: "A penny", • then the man says: "God, what is a million years to you?" and God says: "a second", • then the man says: "God, can I have a penny?" and God says "In a second"

18. riddle • hot dog. • What kind of dog never bite or bark ? • What starts with a T, ends with a T, and is full of T? • What word can you make shorter by adding to it? • A doctor and a lawyer loved the same girl. The lawyer went away for a week and gave the girl seven apples before he left. Why? • Tea pot. • Short. • Because an apple a day keeps the doctor away.

19. A wave arises and propagates on water. phase Photo: Prof. Andrew Davidhazy, Rochester Institute of Technology angular frequency wave vector (wave number) speed of light in vacuum index of refraction wavelength amplitude micro.magnet.fsu.edu/.../interference.html

20. Polarization Elliptical Linear Circular http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarization http://www.physics.miami.edu/~zuo/class/fall_05/supplement/Figure32_10.jpg

21. Effect of a polarizer on reflection from mud flats. The effects of a circular polarizer in a color photograph. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:CircularPolarizer.jpg

22. Modern optics Modern Optics Concepts http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/HBASE/optmod/modoptcon.html

23. U.S. Library of Congress - Famous People http://clendening.kumc.edu/dc/ 嘿嘿~~ The first indication that light might be quantized came from Max Planck in 1899 when he correctly modelled blackbody radiation. In 1905, Albert Einstein published the theory of the photoelectric effect.

24. Einstein’s Photon Theory Single photon’s energy Photon’s momentum

25. Optical medium

26. Homogeneous Inhomogeneous IsotropicAnisotropic Optical medium classification Electric polarization OK-4 high homogeneous glass www.lzos.ru/en/glass_hiod.htm www.lci.kent.edu/defect.gif

27. Linear Nonlinear Nondispensivedispersive Nonlinear crystal http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:PhaseConjugationPrinciple.en.png www.cs.purdue.edu/.../iridescentPhenomena.html

28. Fermat’s Principle

29. Fermat’s Principle The principle that an electromagnetic wave will take a path that involves the least travel time when propagating between two points. Also known as least-time principle; stationary time principle.

30. Fermat’s principle • the path taken by light in going from some point S to a point P via a reflecting surface was the shortest possible one. Minimum path from the source S to the observer's eye at P. variational principle.

31. Principle of Least Time • Fermat: The actual path between two points taken by a beam of light isthe one that is traversed in the least time. To minimize t(x) let Fermat's Principle applied to refraction.

32. Snell's Law

33. stratified material 分层的 • Suppose that we have a stratified material composed of m layer. Each having a different n. The transit time from S to P will then be

34. inhomogeneous medium • the summation must be changed to an integral we can restate Fermat’s Principle: light, in going from point S to P, traverses the route having the smallest optical path length.

36. a challenge to your imagination.^_^ If one day， all the air in our earth vanished, but you were still alive, so, please tell me, would you find the sunrise time be earlier or later? Be later Then, what about the sunset time? Be earlier

37. Schoolwork: 1. Go over the maxwell’s equation(it is very important in our studies ) in any standard text on electromagnetic theory and then study the section 1.2 and 1.3 by yourself. ? ? ??

38. Joke • Four best friends met at the hospital since their wives were giving births to their babies. The nurse comes up to the first man and says, "Congratulations, you got twins." The man said "How strange, I'm the manager of Minnesota Twins." After awhile the nurse comes up to the second man and says, "Congratulations, you got triplets." Man was like "Hmmm, strange I worked as a director for the "3 musketeers." Finally, the nurse comes up to the third man and says "Congratulations, you got twins x2." Man is happy and says, "Ironic, I work for the hotel "4 Seasons." All three of them are happy until they see their last buddy jumping all over the place, cursing God and banging his head on the wall. They asked him what's wrong and he answered, "What's wrong? I work for 7up"!

39. riddle • hot dog. • What kind of dog never bite or bark ? • What starts with a T, ends with a T, and is full of T? • What word can you make shorter by adding to it? • A doctor and a lawyer loved the same girl. The lawyer went away for a week and gave the girl seven apples before he left. Why? • Tea pot. • Short. • Because an apple a day keeps the doctor away.

40. riddle • What is dark but made by light? • What can you break with only one word? • What goes on four legs in the morning，on two at noon，and on three in the evening？ • Where does afternoon come before morning in the world？ • shadow. • Silence. • Human • In the dictionary

41. Ray matrix Optics 【ABCD matrix】

42. Propagation through Free-Space Region of thickness d Rout=MRin Small angle approximation rout rin d Z

43. n1 n2 n1 rout rin d Propagation Through a Homogeneous Dielectric Layer of Thickness d

44. Thick Lenses Rout Rin n1 n2 n3

45. Propagation Through Two Homogeneous Dielectric Layer n1 n2 rin=rout

46. Refraction by a Spherical Surface with Radius R n1 rin n2 O R

47. n1 n2 n3 n =1 n =1 d1 d2 d3 Example

48. Ray matrix Optics 【 Jones matrix & Meuller matrix 】

49. r  position Geometric Optics r’  direction matrix skill Linear equations Representation by matrix 【ABCD matrix】

50. phase amplitude intensity x, y polarization ±45° polarization Circular polarization Physics Optics-- wave 【Jones matrix】 Deal with perfectly polarized light 【Mueller matrix】 deal with partially polarized or unpolarized light