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The break-up of Yugoslavia

The break-up of Yugoslavia. June 25, 1991 – Slovenia and Croatia declare independence. The Yugoslav army pulls out of Slovenia, but a bloody war breaks out in Croatia in August, 1991. The Serb-Croatia War 1991-1995. The war is between Croatian police forces and the rebelling Serb minority.

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The break-up of Yugoslavia

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  1. The break-up of Yugoslavia

  2. June 25, 1991 – Slovenia and Croatia declare independence. • The Yugoslav army pulls out of Slovenia, but a bloody war breaks out in Croatia in August, 1991.

  3. The Serb-Croatia War 1991-1995 • The war is between Croatian police forces and the rebelling Serb minority. • When Croatia declares independence, the Serbian army invades to hold key Serbian parts of Croatia

  4. The Serb-Croatia War 1991-1995 • Full scale civil war breaks out in August, 1991 • 1992 – A ceasefire occurs and UN peacekeepers move in. • January 15, 1992 – Croatia is recognized by the European community. • In the next three years the war would start up and die down. As well, Croatia would win back all the Serbian taken territory. • By the end of the war 200 000 Serbs would leave Croatia. • http://search.bbc.co.uk/cgi-bin/search/results.pl?q=croatian+War&x=0&y=0&scope=all&tab=all&recipe=all

  5. September, 1991 – Macedonia declares independence. This happens peacefully.

  6. The war in Bosnia Herzegovina 1992-1995 • March 5, 1992 – Bosnia Herzegovina declares independence. In Bosnia there are Muslims (Bosniaks), Serbians, and Croats. • After the declaration of independence, Serbia invades to protect Bosnian Serb areas. Croatia invades as well.

  7. The war in Bosnia Herzegovina 1992-1995 • Late 1992 – 70% of Bosnia is controlled by Serb forces. The UN extend their mandate into Bosnia to help with humanitarian relief. • 1993 – this year was dominated with fighting between Croats and Bosniaks

  8. The war in Bosnia Herzegovina 1992-1995 • The following are examples of Croatian massacres of Bosniaks: • Busovača massacre – 43 people • Ahmići massacre – 120 people • Vitez massacre – 172 peoples

  9. The war in Bosnia Herzegovina 1992-1995 • 1994 – The war between Croatia and Bosnia ends • The Serbs also committed atrocities. • Srebrenica massacre – 8000 men were killed • As well, NATO opens air strikes against Bosnian Serb targets

  10. The war finally ends with the Dayton Peace agreements being signed November 21, 1995 • http://search.bbc.co.uk/cgi-bin/search/results.pl?q=Dayton+Peace+accords&x=0&y=0&scope=all&tab=all&recipe=all

  11. The conflict in Kosovo 1996-1999

  12. The conflict in Kosovo 1996-1999 • Kosavars are ethnically Albanian • The Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) is seeking independence from Serbia. • 1998 – there is Western backed ceasefire. The KLA broke it and this provoked a harsh Serbian counter-attack

  13. The conflict in Kosovo 1996-1999 • The Serbian forces began an ethnic cleansing campaign. • January, 1999 - Racak Massacre – 45 Kosovars were killed; this triggered NATO involvement. • March 18, 1999 – American, British, and Kosovo delegates sign an accord that promises more autonomy for Kosovo, NATO troops entering, but no independence. Serbian delegates do not sign. • March to June 1999 – NATO bombs Serb targets to get Serb troops out of Kosovo. • June 12 – Milosevic accepts NATO terms and begins a withdrawal; KFOR moves in

  14. The conflict in Kosovo 1996-1999 • Atrocities on all sides: • International Criminal tribunal exhumed 2788 bodies in Kosovo where 850 civilians are thought to be the victims of war crimes by Serb forces. • KLA – 988 (335 were civilians) people killed and 200 000 Serbs fled Kosovo • NATO acknowledges killing 1500 civilians during the bombing campaign

  15. February 17, 2008 – Kosovo declares independence • http://www.cbc.ca/world/story/2008/02/17/kosovo.html

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