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FIRST AID Hot and Cold Weather Emergencies

PAGES 339-340. FIRST AID Hot and Cold Weather Emergencies. Cold Weather Risks. Prevention of cold weather illness. Dress in layers (see page 339) Wear a hat – 70% of body heat is lost through the head Cover nose and mouth to prevent breathing cold, dry air Stay hydrated.

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FIRST AID Hot and Cold Weather Emergencies

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  1. PAGES 339-340 FIRST AIDHot and Cold Weather Emergencies

  2. Cold Weather Risks

  3. Prevention of cold weather illness • Dress in layers (see page 339) • Wear a hat – 70% of body heat is lost through the head • Cover nose and mouth to prevent breathing cold, dry air • Stay hydrated

  4. Frostbite • Damage to the skin and tissues caused by extreme cold • Warning signs – whitening and hardening of skin, numb. • Usual locations – ears, nose, fingers, toes

  5. Treatment • Warm area slowly • Do not rub affected area • Use warm (not hot) water

  6. Hypothermia • dangerously low body temperature • Result of exposure to cold, cold water, or wet clothing in cold/windy weather • Symptoms: • Disoriented • Slow breathing • Loss of motor control • Drowsiness

  7. Treatment • Call 911 • Get to a warm area • Warm the body slowly – core first

  8. Wind Chill • Temperature and wind speed

  9. HOT WEATHER RISKS

  10. Prevention of heat related illness • Drink plenty of water (stay hydrated) • Wear loose, light weight clothing • Avoid exercise during mid day hours and during ozone alerts.

  11. Overexertion • Overworking the body

  12. Heat Exhaustion • Body is overheating • Symptoms include: • heavy sweating • cold, clammy skin • dizziness/confusion/fainting • headache • nausea/vomiting • cramps • shortness of breath

  13. Treatment • Rest in cool area • Small sips of water • Douse body with cold water • ***if symptoms continue past 30 minutes, seek medical help***

  14. Heat Stroke • Body cannot cool itself through perspiration– life threatening condition • NO SWEATING • Red, hot, dry skin • Difficulty breathing • May collapse suddenly

  15. Treatment • Call 911 • Get victim to a cool area • Sponge with water

  16. Heat Index • Combination of temperature and humidity

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