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Community Education MRSA

Community Education MRSA. In the Headlines. “Staph Fatalities May Exceed AIDS Deaths” - From the Chicago Tribune (October, 2007). The Story.

carminda-ruiz
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Community Education MRSA

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  1. Community EducationMRSA

  2. In the Headlines “Staph Fatalities May Exceed AIDS Deaths” - From the Chicago Tribune (October, 2007)

  3. The Story “More than 90,000 Americans get potentially deadly infections each year from drug-resistant staph “superbugs”, the Government reported in its first overall estimate of invasive disease caused by the germ.”

  4. The Human Impact Ashton Bonds, 17, died after spending more than a week in the hospital with the infection known as MRSA.

  5. So what does this really mean? Staph Superbugs MRSA

  6. Understanding Staphylococcus aureus (staph) • Staphylococcus aureus, often referred to simply as “staph," are bacteria commonly carried on the skin or in the nose of healthy people. This is termed colonized which means that bacteria are present, but not causing an infection. • Approximately 25% to 30% of the entire U.S. population is colonized in the nose with this staph bacteria.

  7. Understanding Staphylococcus aureus (staph) Sometimes staph can cause an infection. • Staph bacteria are one of the most common causes of skin infections in the United States. Most of these skin infections are minor (such as pimples and boils) and can be treated without antibiotics (also known as antimicrobials or antibacterials). • However, staph bacteria can also cause serious infections such as surgical wound, pneumonia and bloodstream infections.

  8. Understanding MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) • MRSA is a type of the staph bacteria sometimes called a “Superbug” that is resistant to certain antibiotics. These antibiotics include Methicillin and other more common antibiotics such as oxacillin, penicillin and amoxicillin. This makes MRSA much harder to treat. • Some good news: While 25% to 30% of the U.S. population is colonized with staph, only approximately 1% is colonized with MRSA.

  9. Understanding MRSA:A Call to Action • Frequent and Increasing • Once colonized with MRSA, 30-60% of patients become infected at some time. • MRSA accounts for 2 out of 3 healthcare associated Staph infections, compared to 1 out of 5 only a decade ago. • Over 126,000 hospitalized persons infected annually • 3.95 MRSA infections per 1,000 hospital discharges

  10. Who gets staph or MRSA infections? • Staph infections, including MRSA, occur most frequently among persons in hospitals and healthcare facilities (such as nursing homes and dialysis centers) who have weakened immune systems. • The healthcare-associated infections include surgical wound infections, urinary tract infections, bloodstream infections, and pneumonia.

  11. Serious MRSA Disease • About 86% of all serious or invasive MRSA infections were associated with healthcare. • Of those, about 2/3 occurred outside of the hospital, while about 1/3 occurred during hospitalization. • About 14% of all the infections occurred in persons without obvious exposures to healthcare.

  12. Understanding MRSA: More Facts • MRSA accounts for 69% of all soft tissue infections presenting to Emergency Rooms in the USA. • Eradication of MRSA carriage prior to cardiac and orthopedic surgery may help to reduce the risk of having an MRSA wound infection.

  13. The Cost in Human Lives • MRSA can be Deadly • You are twice as likely to die of a MRSA blood-stream infection as you are from a sensitive Staph blood-stream infection • Over 19,000 patients die each year from MRSA infections (CDC)

  14. The Cost in Dollars • MRSA is very costly • Annual Treatment of MRSA infections in US hospitals - $3.2 -$4.2 billion • On average, each patient with a MRSA infection has: • 9.1 days excess hospitalization • $27,000 - $34,000 excess cost per case (CDC statistics)

  15. Understanding MRSA: Other Concerning Issues Community-Associated (CA) MRSA • MRSA infections that are acquired by persons who have not been recently (within the past year) hospitalized or had a medical procedure (such as dialysis, surgery, catheters) are known as CA-MRSA infections. • Staph or MRSA infections in the community are usually manifested as skin infections, such as pimples and boils, and occur in otherwise healthy people. • Small (0.2%) but real (and increasing) prevalence

  16. Understanding MRSA “Although the healthcare-associated strains are virulent enough to cause serious disease, there is some evidence the strains arising in the community are more virulent than those circulating in the healthcare system. Furthermore, there is evidence that these new strains are spreading from the community into the healthcare system.” - Dr. John A. Jernigan, Chief of Interventions and Evaluations at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

  17. How can I prevent staph or MRSA skin infections? Practice good hygiene: • Keep your hands clean by washing thoroughly with soap and water or using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. Especially important when visiting someone in the hospital or nursing home. • Keep cuts and scrapes clean and covered with a bandage until healed. • Avoid contact with other people’s wounds or bandages. • Avoid sharing personal items such as towels or razors.

  18. For More information: • www.webmd/news/20071024/mrsa-experts-answers-your-questions-104k- • www.mayoclinic.com/health/mrsa/DS00735-28k • www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dhqp/ar_mrsa.html-11k-

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