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Chapter 2

Chapter 2. Human Intimacy, Marriage, the Family, and Its Meaning. Chapter Outline. Family: The Basic Unit of Human Organization The American Family: Many Structures and Much Change Change within Continuity and Uniqueness within Commonality

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Chapter 2

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  1. Chapter 2 Human Intimacy, Marriage, the Family, and Its Meaning

  2. Chapter Outline • Family: The Basic Unit of Human Organization • The American Family: Many Structures and Much Change • Change within Continuity and Uniqueness within Commonality • Family: A Buffer against Mental and Physical Illness

  3. Chapter Outline • The Family as Interpreter of Society • Unique Characteristics of the American Family • Family: The Consuming Unit of the American Economy • American Families: A Great Diversity of Types

  4. Family: The Basic Unit of Human Organization If defined functionally, the family is essentially universal. Its structural form and strength, however, vary greatly across cultures and time.

  5. Family What is a meant by a family? • According to the Census Bureau, a group of two or more persons related by birth,marriage,or adoption and residing together. What is meant by a Household? • According to the Census Bureau,all persons who occupy a housing unit.

  6. Family Functions • Replacements for dying members of the society must be produced. • Goods and services must be produced and distributed. • Provision must be made for solving conflicts and maintaining order within the family and the larger society.

  7. Family Functions • Children must be socialized to become participating members of the society. • Individual goals must be harmonized with the values of the society. • Procedures must be established for supplying intimacy and emotional gratification and for maintaining a sense of purpose within the family.

  8. Structures of American Families What is meant by structure? • The parts that comprise a family and their relationships to one another. What is a nuclear family? • A married couple and their children living by themselves. What is blended family? • A family in which one or both of the partners have been married before.

  9. Family Groups with Children under 18: 2002

  10. Types of Marriage

  11. Types of Marriage

  12. Types of Marriage

  13. Types of Families

  14. Types of Families

  15. Types of Families

  16. Types of Families

  17. Change within Continuity and Uniqueness within Commonality • Family life involves continuity as well as change. • Each family is unique, but also has characteristics in common with all other families in a given culture.

  18. Family: A Buffer against Mental and Physical Illness • The family becomes more important as social stability decreases and people feel more isolated. • The healthy family can act as a buffer against mental and physical illnesses.

  19. The Need for Intimacy Intimacy is experiencing the essence of one’s self in intense intellectual,physical, and/or emotional communion with another human being.

  20. The Family as Interpreter of Society The attitudes and reactions of family members toward environmental influences are more important to the socialization of family members than are the environmental influences themselves.

  21. Aspects of Socialization What is socialization? • The physical and psychological nurturing of children into adulthood. What is modeling? • Learning by observing other people’s behavior.

  22. Failure to Socialize • What are sociopaths? Persons who fail to be socialized to their society are called sociopaths. • What are psychopaths? This is an older term for persons who fail to be socialized to their society.

  23. Unique Characteristics of the American Family • Relative freedom in mate and vocational selection. • Relative freedom within the family, fostered by a high standard of living, physical mobility, lack of broader familial responsibilities, and the pluralistic nature of American society. • An extremely private character.

  24. U.S. Racial and Ethnic Composition, 1950–2020

  25. Hispanics by Origin, 2002

  26. Distribution of the Foreign-Born Population by Region of Birth

  27. Demographic Data A fertility rate is the number of women who report having a child in a 12-month period per 1,000 women aged 15 to 44 years of age.

  28. Quick Quiz

  29. 1. What is a nuclear family? • The parts that comprise a family and their relationships to one another. • A married couple and their children living by themselves. • A family in which one or both of the partners have been married before. • The physical and psychological nurturing of children into adulthood.

  30. Answer: b • A nuclear family consists of a married couple and their children living by themselves.

  31. 2. Learning by observing other people’s behavior is called • Socialization • Intimacy • Modeling • Continuity

  32. Answer: c • Learning by observing other people’s behavior is called modeling.

  33. 3. Persons who fail to be socialized to their society are called • Psychopath • Sociopath • Both a & b • None of these

  34. Answer: c • Persons who fail to be socialized to their society are currently called sociopaths but used to be called psychopaths.

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