Chapter one

1. Chapter one The Field of Psychology

2. Defining Psychology • Psychologists work in just about every setting you can imagine. • About 1/3 help people with personal problems. • Psychology is the scientific study of human and animal behavior. • These behaviors include the blink of an eye, sweating, thinking, attitudes, thoughts, physical and emotional changes…… • A theory is a general framework or idea about the nature of something.

3. Two Basic Types of Psychologists • Research Psychologists – study the origin, cause and results of certain behavior • (do research) • Applied Psychologists – make direct use of the findings of research psychologists; deal directly with clients • (apply the research)

4. History of Psychology

5. Comprehension Check 1 • Whose work inspired scientists to study animals in an attempt to understand human beings better? • Who started the first laboratory for studying humans and is called the “father of psychology”? • Who published a very important and widely used textbook on psychology and was interested in how humans adapt to their environment? • Who wrote a book on child rearing to teach parents how to apply scientific learning principles in bringing up their children?

6. Comprehension Check 1 Answers • Charles Darwin • Wilhelm Wundt • Sigmund Freud • William James • John B. Watson

7. Present –Day Psychology

8. Present-Day Psychology

9. Present-Day Psychology • Six approaches are used today. • Most psychologists lean toward one approach but borrow here and there from other theories. • This individual, combined approach is called electicism(eclectic approach).

10. Comprehension Check 2 • Which approach in psychology emphasizes people’s potential? • Which analyzes internal sentences, thoughts? • Which focuses on learning? • Which analyzes our chemical make-up? • Which studies one’s ethnic background? • Which emphasizes sexual desires?

11. Comprehension Check 2 Answers • Humanism • Cognitive • Behaviorism • Neurobiological • Sociocultural • Psychoanalysis