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Parts of Speech Overview

Parts of Speech Overview. To Begin. On a clean piece of paper, number 1 - 20 Page 2 of your Holt Handbook. Complete the Diagnostic Preview: Identifying Parts of Speech. . Preposition Adjective Noun Verb Interjection Adjective Conjunction Adverb Adjective Preposition. Pronoun

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Parts of Speech Overview

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  1. Parts of Speech Overview

  2. To Begin • On a clean piece of paper, number 1 - 20 • Page 2 of your Holt Handbook. Complete the Diagnostic Preview: Identifying Parts of Speech.

  3. Preposition Adjective Noun Verb Interjection Adjective Conjunction Adverb Adjective Preposition Pronoun Pronoun Adjective Verb Noun Conjunction Preposition Adjective Verb Adjective Answers

  4. Preview • Nouns • Common and Proper • Concrete and Abstract • Collective • Compound • Pronouns • Personal • Reflexive and Intensive • Demonstrative • Interrogative • Relative • Indefinite

  5. Nouns • Definition (refer to 1a on page 3) • A noun names a person, a place, a thing, or an idea • Example: The dog ate the cat.

  6. Common and Proper Nouns • Page 3 of Holt Handbook • Common Noun • Names one of a group of persons, places, things, or ideas • Proper Nouns • Names a particular person, place, thing, or idea

  7. Concrete and Abstract • On your paper, sketch the following: • Award • Courage • Adventure • Monkey

  8. Concrete and Abstract Nouns • Concrete Noun • Names a person, place, or thing that can be perceived by one or more of the senses • Abstract Noun • Names an idea, a feeling, a quality, or a characteristic

  9. Collective and Compound Nouns Page 4 in your Holt Handbook • Collective Noun • Singular form naming a group. • Example: This class. While there are many of us, this class is regarded as one. • Compound Noun • Consists of two or more words that together name a person, a place, a thing, or an idea.

  10. The Pronoun • Page 5 in your Holt Handbook • Definition: A pronoun is a word used in place of one or more nouns or pronouns. • Antecedent: The word that the pronoun replaces.

  11. The Pronoun • Write down this sentence: • Mr. Kelly smells his armpit. Underline the nouns (there are two). Circle the pronoun (the word that takes the place of, in this case, a noun) Box the Antecedent (the noun the pronoun replaces)

  12. The Adjective

  13. Preview • Define • Articles • Words can be both?!? • Proper Adjectives • Exercises

  14. The Adjective Refer to page 9 in your Holt Handbook • Definition: An adjective modifies a noun or a pronoun • Modify: To describe or to make more definite the meaning of the word. Adjectives modify nouns or pronouns by telling what kind, which one, how many, or how much

  15. Articles • A, An, and The • Our Holt Handbook refers to articles as Adjectives – other grammarians do not. I tend the believe they are their own part of speech. • Three of the most common words. • A and an are Indefinite articles • The is a definite article

  16. Whaaatt!?! • Some words can be both adjectives or pronouns or both adjectives and nouns. It is important to read the complete sentence and work in context. • Examples on page 10 and 11

  17. Proper Adjectives • An adjective formed from a proper noun • A lecture of Mr. Kellian proportions. • See page 12 for more examples

  18. The Verb and the Adverb

  19. Preview • Definition • Action and Linking Verbs • Main and Helping Verbs • Transitive and Intransitive Verbs • Exercises

  20. The Verb Refer to page 13 in your Holt Handbook • Definition: A verb expresses action or a state of being • Examples: run, sit, think, dance, wallop. • In my opinion: Verbs are the key to sentences.

  21. Action verbs and Linking Verbs • Action verbs: Expresses either physical or mental activity (see chart, page 13) • Linking verbs: connects the subject to a word or work group in the predicate. • If this is mumbo-jumbo to you now, spend time memorizing the charts on page 14.

  22. Main Verbs and Helping Verbs • Verb phrases: Consists of at least one main verband one or more helping verbs. • Refer to chart on page 15.

  23. Transitive Verbs and Intransitive Verbs • Object: a word that tells who or what received the action. • Definition: Transitive Verb has an object • Definition: Intransitive Verb does not have an object • Refer to page 16 for examples

  24. Exercise • Take out a clean piece of paper and turn to page 17 of your Holt Handbook. • Complete “Exercise 3: Identifying and Classifying Verbs” However, follow these directions: • For each sentence, write down the verb(s) present in each sentence. The following slide shows the number of verbs for each sentence.

  25. One verb phrase One verb, one verb phrase Three verb phrases Four verbs One verb phrase One verb One verb Two verbs Two verbs One verb Exercise 3 template

  26. Has borrowed Sounds; do hear Will pronounce; will spell; had come Hides; gives; is Might have come Came Is Adopted; became Became; led know Exercise 3 answers

  27. The Adverb • Works much like and adjective • An Adverb modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb • Reminder: To modify means to describe or make more definite the meaning of a word. • Adverbs tell how, when, where, or to what extent (how much or how long) • Refer to page 18 for examples.

  28. Prepositions, Conjunctions, Interjections

  29. Preposition Shows the relationship of a noun or pronoun, called the object of the preposition, to another word.

  30. Examples • The puppy ran beside me. • The puppy ran towardme. • The puppy ran aroundme. • The puppy ran past me. • The puppy ran after me. • The puppy ran behind me. • The puppy ran in front of me.

  31. Preposition or Adverb? • Preposition: We drove around the parking lot. (The compound noun parking lot is the object of around.) • Adverb: We drove around for a while. (Around modifies the verb drove.)

  32. Compound Prepositions • A preposition that consists of two or more words. • Examples: • The young sculptor made a scale model of Mount Rushmore out ofclay. • She placed a photograph of Mount Rushmore next toher clay model.

  33. Homework • Exercise 5, pg. 22, #1-10 Write the complete sentences with the prepositions that you used.

  34. The Conjunction Joins words or word groups

  35. Coordinating Conjunctions • Joins word or word groups that are used in the same way. • Example: • We found a bat and a glove. • They may be hiding in the attic or the basement.

  36. Correlative Conjunctions • Pairs of conjunctions that join words or word groups that are used in the same way. • Examples: • Both athletes and singers must train for long hours. • We searched not only behind the garage but also under the pecan tree.

  37. Subordinating Conjunctions • Begins a subordinate clause (not a complete thought) and connects it to an independent clause. • Example: • We arrived late because our train was delayed. • While Sherlock Holmes explained his theory, Dr. Watson listened quietly.

  38. The Interjection Expresses emotion and has no grammatical relation to the rest of the sentence.

  39. Examples • Well, I think you should apologize to her. • Ouch! That hurts!

  40. Example from Friday’s quiz • Zippers, which most people use several times each week, were not invented until 1893. • Adverb • Preposition • Adjective • Conjunction

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