LOCAL SHELTER PLANNING

1. LOCAL SHELTER PLANNING SOME BEST PRACTICES SOME LESSONS LEARNED

2. LOCAL SHELTER PLANNING Relationship between LSP, LDP and CLUP Local Development Plan LDP Social Sector Plan Comprehensive Land Use Plan CLUP Local Shelter Plan LSP Overall Housing Plan for urban/rural highincome  middle income  low income

3. The Local Shelter Planning Process Formulation of Goals, Objectives and Targets Generation of Shelter Srategies Preparation Of Implementa tion Plan Situation Analysis Data Gathering M&E of the LSP

4. What is Shelter Planning? Shelter planning – a process involving six (6) steps : data gathering which involves primary and secondary data collection of housing, basic services, social services, employment and livelihood data/information; situation analysis which uses the data generated in step #1 to be able to determine the housing, basic services, social services, employment and livelihood needs and also includes affordability analysis of the target group’s ability to pay for the housing options, and resource analysis which is an assessment of resource requirements and availability; definition of goal and objectives ; identification of the shelter strategies which include strategies for housing and basic services as well as strategies for the delivery of social services, job and livelihood generation; preparation of the implementation mechanism for the local shelter plan for socialized housing; and finally, the monitoring and evaluation of shelter strategies. (Note : This definition is from the HLURB Guidelines for the Formulation of Local Shelter Plans with portions added by ADB-MMUSP Project).

5. What is a Local Shelter Plan (LSP)? LSP is a document which provides an analysis of the present local housing situation, an identification of shelter problems, upgrading and future housing needs, definition of shelter goals, objectives and strategies, household affordability and willingness to pay, the identification of available local resources for shelter such as land, provision of basic community services, livelihood opportunities and finance, and lastly, the implementation plan which provides the details of actions needed to realize the shelter objectives.

6. The Holistic or Integrated Approach to Shelter Planning The major three (3) elements of the Approach* : 1. Socialized housing and basic services (roads, alleyways and pathways, water, power, sewerage, drainage, garbage disposal); 2. Greater access to social services and facilities (health, education, sports and recreation, protective services); 3. Livelihood and employment generation. *Recommended by the Metro Manila Urban Services for the Poor (MMUSP) Project

7. Steps in Shelter Planning STEP 1 : Data Gathering Primary Data Collection Total Household Population Count (Census) Household Socio-Economic Survey Inventory of Informal Settlers

8. Steps in Shelter Planning Step 2 : Situation Analysis • Mapping Technique Urban Poor Mapping using GIS-based techniques • Non-Mapping Technique Shelter Needs Assessment Affordability Analysis Resource Analysis

9. Steps in Shelter Planning • Step 3 : Formulation of Goals, Objectives and Targets • Step 4 – Generation of Shelter Strategies • Main considerations in formulating shelter strategies: • the application of the holistic or integrated approach to shelter • planning • greater participation of the private sector • the use of the two-pronged approach to housing the urban poor-“as-is • where-is” for slum upgrading and “in-city” resettlement for relocation • projects. • effective integration of socialized housing zones with the rest of urban • development, and with the local development plan, the CLUP and the • zoning ordinance of the city/municipality • the setting up of a workable estate management system • the installation of a good collection system toensure cost recovery

10. Steps in Shelter Planning Step 5 – Preparation of the Implementation Plan Includes details of the each strategy, the main activities under each, the responsible agencies/persons, the needed resources and the timetable for implementation. Step 6 – Monitoring and Evaluation of the Local Shelter Plan Includes the setting up of an M&E system that will track the activities done in connection with the upgrading of blighted and slum areas, the relocation of those in danger zones, and the development of resettlement sites. An M & E framework will also be designed that will include indicators such as cost recovery, improvements in tenure, shelter conditions, health, environmental conditions in the community and resource mobilization.

11. Some Best Practices Marikina Settlements Code This is a codification of all local ordinances and legal issuances that have to do with socialized housing. The Code gives you at a glance all city ordinances impacting on-site slum upgrading and off-site resettlement projects for easy reference. By codifying, all potential conflicts in some socialized housing project can be identified and resolution of such can be embodied in the amendments to be incorporated in the Code. It also identifies responsibilities for the enforcement of the Code. It also becomes a valuable tool inasmuch as it prescribes rules and regulations that ensure order and sustainability of the community.

12. Some Best Practices • Migration Information Center (MIC) of Muntinlupa • Established in 1998, the MIC installed a system of gathering data for the • the following purposes: • to help policymakers, planners and program implementors in policy and • program development particularly on the number, characteristics, needs • and origin of in-migrants; • to assist new residents in making initial adjustment in their new • environment and provide them with the necessary services and • facilities; and • to have the means to monitor and abate the influx of squatters to the • city.

13. Some Best Practices Local Multi-Sectoral Committees for Socialized Housing LPIACH – Las Pinas Inter-Agency Committee on Housing This deals with the planning and implementation of housing programs for the urban poor. The members of the Committee include represen- tatives from NHA, NGOs, urban poor coalition, CMP coalition, PBSP, and heads of various departments of the local government involved in the delivery of shelter services to the poor. The basic task of the LPIACH is to assist the local government address the increasing demand for socialized housing programs and projects. Within the Committee are sub-committees for service delivery, organizational development, networking, information management, advocacy, research and development.

14. Some Best Practices Center of Excellence (CENTEX) of Marikina CENTEX facilitates learning toward change and improvement of standards and tastes of the client’s outlook and attitude. Its programs include: urban governance and institutional development; prosperity building; resource mobilization and management; public health, safety and security; environmental management; arts, culture, tourism and special activities; infrastructure and, facilities development and maintenance. For CBOs, it runs an orientation program on CMP and provides training in leadership skills, team dynamics for community development, and community organizing. It offers values education on topics like parenting, gender and development, and intimacy.

15. Some Best Practices CENTEX of Marikina For government administrators, it conducts seminars on public service excellence, legislative advocacy, managing an LGU, communication, planning and management. For government employees, topics covered include basic organizational orientation, communication, performance evaluation, clerical development, occupational safety, computer-aided visual production, and advanced managerial course. CENTEX is founded on Marikina’s philosophy that society through the government has the responsibility to create the environment in which the person realizes his dreams for himself, for his own community and country, and consequently, recognizes his potentials to achieve his aspirations.

16. Some Lessons Learned • There is a high social and economic cost to government of relocating • urban poor families outside Metro Manila. Problems included absence of • viable livelihood opportunities, inadequate provision of basic services, • poor cost recovery due to erratic collection practices of the government, • absence of clear rules and regulations concerning tenurial rights among • others. Learning from these, current resettlement activities involve a • number of in-city relocation. • Private developers have produced insignificant affordable housing for • the urban poor. Clearly, better forms of involvement of the private sector • in low-cost housing are needed. • There is a need for clear and simple institutional arrangements at various • government levels in the planning and implementation of housing • programs for the poor since the involvement of too many agencies add to • the complexity and costs of implementation.

17. Some Lessons Learned • The public sector’s response to the problem of slums must be based • on a coherent and achievable long-term framework for policy and • investment. • Residents in a community must be involved in setting the goals and • strategies for the future of their neighborhoods. Their participation will • reinforce community values and help build human and social capital • for long-term sustainability. • LGU capability building is required in order for them to implement • housing programs effectively and to pursue joint venture schemes with • the private sector as part of a continuing strategy.

18. Some Lessons Learned • Slum dweller beneficiaries must obtain the services they need, but be educated on the value of what they get, and be convinced of the • responsibility to pay for the services they receive. • There is a need to establish an effective system for evaluating • the performance of socialized housing projects as against intended • targets and objectives. Indicators to be used should be clear, easily • understood and updateable on a regular basis. These are likely to be related to cost recovery, improvements in tenure, shelter conditions, • health, environmental conditions in the community and resource • mobilization.