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Chapter 9-2: Sparta and Athens

Chapter 9-2: Sparta and Athens. I continued to extend the Persian Empire by conquering Egypt. 2. A series of wars between Persia and Greece is called _______. 3. The Persian Army included 2 major groups. The ________ and _______. 4. The Persian religion was called ____________.

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Chapter 9-2: Sparta and Athens

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  1. Chapter 9-2:Sparta and Athens

  2. I continued to extend the Persian Empire by conquering Egypt. 2. A series of wars between Persia and Greece is called _______. 3. The Persian Army included 2 major groups. The ________ and _______. 4. The Persian religion was called ____________. 5. I created the Persian empire after defeating the Medes. 6. I killed my rivals for the throne and reorganized the Persian Empire into provinces. 7. In the Battle of _______, a traitor turned on the Spartans making the Persians successful. 8. There are ___ major battles in the Persian Wars. 9. I tried to conquer Greece ten years after the battle at Marathon. 10. In this battle, an army from all over Greece beat the Persians. Bell Work 1/18Use Notes on Chapter 9-1http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yZlqgtdQoHo

  3. Sparta and Athensp. 266-271 • Athens and Sparta fought together against Persia. Their friendship didn’t last long though. • Two of the greatest city-states in Greece were Sparta and Athens. Sparta, had a culture that valued physical strength and military might. The Athenian culture placed more value on the mind. However, both city-states played important roles in the defense of ancient Greece.

  4. Athens Sparta

  5. Sparta v. Athens Venn Diagram • Government/political structure, • education, • roles of women and children, • military strength/alliances, • economy, • social class structure, • Lifestyle/values/beliefs, • cultural achievements/legacies

  6. Sparta and Athenshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Keaa3p8ca5k&feature=related • The Big Idea • The two most powerful city-states in Greece, Sparta and Athens, had very different cultures and became bitter enemies in the 400s BC. • Main Ideas • The Spartans built a military society to provide security and protection. • The Athenians admired the mind and the arts in addition to physical abilities. • Sparta and Athens fought over who should have power and influence in Greece.

  7. Main Idea 1: The Spartans built a military society to provide security and protection. • Daily life in Sparta was dominated by the army, and boys were trained from an early age to be soldiers. • Spartan men reached full citizenship at age 30 and could then move back home, but they stayed in the army until they turned 60. • Courage, strength, self-discipline, and obedience were the most important qualities to have. • Because men were often at war, women had more rights than other Greek women. • They ran the household and owned property. • They also received physical training and sometimes competed with men in sporting events.

  8. Government • Sparta was officially ruled by two kings who jointly led the army, but elected officials actually had more power than the kings. • These officials handled dealings between Sparta and other city-states. • Sparta’s government was set up to control the city’s helots, or slaves.

  9. Main Idea 2:The Athenians admired the mind and the arts in addition to physical abilities. Boys and Men in Athens • Sparta’s main rival in Greece was Athens. • Though they also worked to improve their bodies, they had to devote only two years to the army. • They learned to read, write, count, and sing. • Wealthy boys continued their education with a private tutor. • Boys from poor families usually became farmers. Girls and Women in Athens • Unlike boys, girls received almost no education, because men did not think they needed to be educated. • Athenian women had fewer rights than women in many other city-states; in fact, they hardly had any at all.

  10. Main Idea 3:Sparta and Athens fought over who should have power and influence in Greece. • Sparta and Athens worked together to win the Persian Wars. • After the Persian Wars, city-states joined an alliance, which historians call the Delian League. • “Alliance” means they agreed to work together. • Sparta formed its own alliance, called the Peloponnesian League.

  11. The Peloponnesian War • Sparta declared war on Athens, starting the Peloponnesian War. • The war lasted for ten years before they decided to call a truce. • The war started up once more when Athens tried to expand its empire. The Spartans won. • With the defeat of Athens, Sparta became the most powerful city-state in Greece. • Other city-states started to resent Sparta, leading to a period of war. • Control of Greece shifted from one city-state to another for years.

  12. Sparta v. Athens Debate Assignment • Resolution: Which was more superior, Athens or Sparta? • Research these topics of each polis • Government/political structure, education, roles of women and children, military strength/alliances, economy, social class structure, lifestyle, values/beliefs, cultural achievements/legacies • In your group, divide topics up so that everything is covered

  13. Homework 1/18 • Research ancient Athens and Sparta and add more information to your Venn Diagrams so that you are prepared for debate no matter what side you end up.

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