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A Model for Solids

13.3. A Model for Solids. A Model for Solids How are the structure and properties of solids related?. 13.3. A Model for Solids. The general properties of solids reflect the orderly arrangement of their particles and the fixed locations of their particles. 13.3. A Model for Solids.

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A Model for Solids

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  1. 13.3 A Model for Solids • A Model for Solids • How are the structure and properties of solids related?

  2. 13.3 A Model for Solids • The general properties of solids reflect the orderly arrangement of their particles and the fixed locations of their particles.

  3. 13.3 A Model for Solids • The melting point (mp) is the temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid. It is the same as the freezing point.

  4. 13.3 Crystal Structure and Unit Cells • Crystal Structure and Unit Cells • What determines the shape of a crystal?

  5. 13.3 Crystal Structure and Unit Cells • In a crystal, the particles are arranged in an orderly, repeating, three-dimensional pattern called a crystal lattice.

  6. 13.3 Crystal Structure and Unit Cells • The shape of a crystal reflects the arrangement of the particles within the solid.

  7. 13.3 Crystal Structure and Unit Cells • Crystal Systems • A crystal has sides, or faces. Crystals are classified into seven crystal systems.

  8. 13.3 Crystal Structure and Unit Cells • These minerals show four out of the seven crystal systems.

  9. 13.3 Crystal Structure and Unit Cells • The smallest group of particles within a crystal that retains the geometric shape of the crystal is known as a unit cell. • A crystal lattice is a repeating array of unit cells.

  10. 13.3 Crystal Structure and Unit Cells • Three kinds of unit cells can make up a cubic crystal system.

  11. 13.3 Crystal Structure and Unit Cells • Allotropes • Allotropes are two or more different molecular forms of the same element in the same physical state. • Allotropes have different properties because their structures are different. • Only a few elements have allotropes.

  12. 13.3 Crystal Structure and Unit Cells • Carbon Allotropes

  13. 13.3 Crystal Structure and Unit Cells • Non-Crystalline Solids • An amorphous solid lacks an ordered internal structure. • Rubber, plastic, asphalt, and glass are amorphous solids. • A glass is a transparent fusion product of inorganic substances that have cooled to a rigid state without crystallizing.

  14. 13.3 Section Quiz • 1. A solid will melt when • all the particles have the same kinetic energy. • bonds form between the particles. • disruptive vibrations overcome attractive forces. • attractions overcome disruptive vibrations.

  15. 13.3 Section Quiz • 2. Which of the following affect the shape of crystals? • (1) angles between the faces • (2) number of edges of equal length per face • (3) size of the crystal • (1) only • (2) only • (3) only • (1) and (2)

  16. 13.3 Section Quiz • 3. Allotropes have different properties because • their atoms are arranged in different patterns. • they are composed of different elements. • they are in different states. • they consist of different isotopes of the same element.

  17. END OF SHOW

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