Chapter 10 Politics, Immigration, Urban life 1877-1920 (Pages 306-331)

1. Chapter 10 Politics, Immigration, Urban life 1877-1920 (Pages 306-331) • Politics in the Gilded Age • Corruption in business and Government • Central Pacific Railroad- $500, 000 in budget for bribes • The Spoils System • Cronies • Republicans are about = to Democrats

2. President Garfield’s Assassination • Garfield- Half breed • Chester Arthur- Stalwart • Charles Guiteau shoots Garfield (Dies 3 months later) • Not given a job • Public outcry against the spoils system • Arthur passes the Pendleton Act

3. Grover Cleveland • 1st Democrat elected President for decades • Interstate Commerce Commission- set fares • Benjamin Harris • Tariffs set on imports • Cleveland President again • Worst depression in history up to that point • Jacob Coxey’s march • William McKinley • Assassinated by a lunatic- Leon Czologsz • Fear of immigrants

4. People on the Move • Fleeing- crop failures, land/job shortages, rising taxes, famine, and religious/political persecution • Opportunity • Steerage • “The Golden Door” • Some people not allowed- Medical Reasons and Crooks • Moving Inland • Jobs • Treatment of Immigrants

5. Asian Immigrants • Indentured Servants • Maltreatment by Americans • Scientific bias • Chinese Exclusion Act • Angel Island • Japanese • Los Angeles • Agriculture • Mexican Immigrants • Work • Mexican Revolution

6. The Challenge of the Cities • Migration from farms • Farmers • African Americans • Cotton Crops destroyed • Growth of the Cities • Transportation from the Suburbs • Horse Carriages, Street cars. Trolleys, Cars • Sky Scrapers • Specialized areas

7. Urban Living Conditions • Concerted Homes and Cheap Tenements • Soot • Cramped • Open Sewers • Out houses- animals and disease • Memphis 1870 yellow fever • New Orleans 1900 yellow fever • 1,000’s die • 1871 The Chicago Fire

8. Ghettos • Ethnic Groups-heritage • Segregation-color or race • Covenants • High Society- socioeconomic status • The Gold Coast

9. Political Bosses • Political Machines • Rewards/welfare • William Marcy Tweed • Tammany Hall

10. Ideas for Reform • Immigrant behavior • Nativism • The Role of School • Strikes • Prohibition • Vice districts

11. Charities • The worthy poor • Settlement Houses • Jane Adams Hull-House

12. Ch. 11 Cultural and Social Transformations (pages 332-357) • Assimilation • Religious Schools • Discrimination • Number of colleges increased • Donations- Stanford • Rockefeller-University of Chicago • Women’s colleges • Coed colleges • Integrated colleges • Hard to pay, Few scholarships • Few women and African American Students • Booker T. Washington vs. W.E.B. Dubois

13. Recreation for the Masses • Farms vs. City • Saloons • Entertainment • Bonds • Politics • Dance Halls • 1903 1st moving picture show “The Great Train Robbery” • Sports • Boxing, Horse racing, baseball, football, ice skating, bicycling, and basketball • Women and clothing

14. Vaudeville • Variety • Family • Newspapers • 1870-1899 2.8-24 million readers • Sensational

15. Absorbing and Transforming African American Culture • Spirituals • Minstrel Show • Black face • Ragtime and Jazz

16. World of Jim Crow • Voting restrictions • Poll tax • Literacy tests • Grandfather clauses • Jim Crow • Minstrel song and dance • Separation in- schools, parks, public buildings • Plessy v. Ferguson • Lynchings • De facto in North • 1908 Springfield

17. African American Response • Niagara Movement- NAACP • Paper has 30, 000 readers • Madam C J Walker • Hair products

18. The Woman Question • Role of Women • Vote, = wages, control property/income, access to education, and free of abuse • Woman’s work • No longer made bread, butchered, etc. • 1900- 1-15 homes had a live in servant • Most were foreigners or African American

19. Voluntary Organizations • Clubs, lectures, discuss topics • New styles of clothes • Dating • Birth control • Suffrage