1 / 24

Kingdom Fungi

Kingdom Fungi. Biology 11. Kingdoms Review:. What is a fungus?. A eukaryotic , multicellular , heterotrophic organism that does not have chlorophyll. Mycology = study of fungi. Structure:.

brie
Download Presentation

Kingdom Fungi

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Kingdom Fungi Biology 11

  2. Kingdoms Review:

  3. What is a fungus? • A eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic organism that does not have chlorophyll. • Mycology = study of fungi

  4. Structure: • The main body of most fungi is made up of fine, branching, usually colourless threads called hyphae. • Each fungus will have vast numbers of these hyphae, all intertwining to make up a tangled web called the mycelium.

  5. Structure: • Fruiting bodies (such as mushrooms) are made up of thick collections of hyphae. • Fruiting bodies can produces spores

  6. Ecological Importance: • Decomposers: recycle nutrients (often called saprobes or saprophytes) • Parasites: feed on living organisms • Symbiosis: mutualistic relationships Ex. lichens and mycorrhizae

  7. How fungi feed: • Extracellular digestion: • As the hyphae grow across a food surface, they release digestive chemicals • These chemical break large organic molecules into smaller molecules • The smaller molecules diffuse into the fungi

  8. How Fungi Reproduce: • Most fungi can reproduce with asexual or sexual reproduction • Fragmentation: (asexual) when a piece of hyphae brakes off, a new piece can grow back • Spores: windblown reproductive cells that help fungi disperse to new locations • Spore can be asexual or sexual

  9. Diversity of Fungi: • Over 100,000 species of fungi • 4 phyla • Classified according to their reproductive structures

  10. 1. Phylum Zygomycota: • Example: bread molds • Spores for reproduction • Sporangia (a spore case) • Hyphae grow into the food source

  11. 2. Phylum Ascomycota: • Sac fungi • Produce a sac-like reproductive structure called an ascus • Examples: • Morels and truffles (for eating) • Yeast (only unicellular fungi) • Athlete's foot, ringworm • Plant diseases: Dutch elm and ergot

  12. Scarlet cup http://www.mykoweb.com/photos/large/Sarcoscypha_coccinea(mgw-01).jpg

  13. Yeast

  14. Morel

  15. 3. Phylum Basidiomycota: • Club Fungi • Examples includes mushrooms, shelf fungi and puffballs • Produce spore in a club shaped structure called basidia • The basidia are located under the cap in the gills

  16. http://www.mykoweb.com/photos/large/Lycoperdon(mgw-01).jpg

  17. Jack-o-lantern fungi http://www.mykoweb.com/photos/large/Omphalotus_olivascens(mgw-01).jpg

  18. Amanita muscaria extremely poisonous! http://www.mykoweb.com/photos/large/Amanita_muscaria(mgw-03).jpg

  19. 4. Deuteromycota (Imperfect Fungi) • Reproduces asexual only • Many are used in food production, such as cheeses and soy sauce • Examples are Penicillium and Aspergillis Causes lung disease in humans Developed penicillin the antibiotic from this

  20. Aspergillis

  21. Lichens • Mutualistic relationship (both benefit from living together) between a fungi and a cyanobacteria or algae • Fungi provides shelter and moisture and photosynthetic partner provides the food Importance: • food source for Arctic animals(caribou,etc) • pioneer organisms in primary succession • indicator for air pollution

  22. Pseudocyphellaria aurata, "green specklebelly", on the bark of a plane tree in the mountains of Tennessee. In Madagascar, a tea made from this lichen is used to treat indigestion. http://www.lichen.com/bigpix/Paurata.html

  23. Cetrelia chicitae("sea-storm lichen") on mossy rock, north shore of Lake Superior, Ontario. http://www.lichen.com/bigpix/Cchicitae.html

  24. Complete “Three types of Fungi” diagrams together

More Related