HS Sem-R Presentation MLS 2009

1. Reading Class Would Be Boring If I Didn’t Read… Tales From a High School Reading Workshop Elizabeth Fogarty Brian Housand Patricia Owen John Fogarty

2. Looking For Handouts? http://brianhousand.googlepages.com

4. "I didn't actually read the book, but I did play the video game loosely based on it."

5. One Size Fits All

6. Three-Legged Stool • Renzulli (1977) • Enrichment Triad Model • Vygotsky (1962) • Zone of Proximal Development • National Reading Panel (2000) • Need for further research

7. Reading Instruction for Talented Readers Reis et al., 2004

8. Reading Instruction for Talented Readers Reis et al., 2004

9. Time Spent Reading in School Study by John Goodlad in A Place Called School

10. Three Goals of the Schoolwide Enrichment Model Reading (SEM-R) • To increase enjoyment in reading • To encourage students to pursue challenging independent reading • To improve reading fluency, reading, and comprehension and increase self regulation in reading--leading to higher reading achievement scores

11. Components of the SEM-R Framework Increasing degree of student selection

12. Findings related to self-regulation in and task commitment in reading Pre Post 10% 95% 30-40 minutes of 30-40 minutes of reading a day reading a day

13. Phase 1 High interest read alouds and higher order questions

14. Book Hooks provide • enjoyable reading invitations that create positive associations with reading. • encouragement for students to do independent reading. • Invitations to broad selections of books easily accessible to students. • opportunities for a pleasant environment in which to read. • invitations to pursue a wide range of interests and knowledge.

16. Phase 1 Components • Read Aloud • Book Selection: • Genres • Themes • Fiction/Nonfiction • Book Talks • Moving from 15 minutes to 5!!

18. Phase 2 Supported Independent Reading using individual conferences and differentiated reading instruction

19. Individualizing and Differentiating Conferences It is important to remember that not all students will need the same strategy instruction at the very same time, but that all students need some instruction if they are reading a book that is adequately challenging. For that reason, be sure that strategy instruction is integrated throughout conferences and differentiated to meet the needs of individual students.

20. Reading Strategies Paris, 2004 Keene & Zimmerman, 1997 Harvey & Goudvis, 2000

21. Knowledge Making Inferences Making Inferences Making Connections (T-S) Making Connections (T-W) Synthesis

23. Conferences provided: • Support for each student and differentiated instruction • Enthusiasm about books • Reading skill development and strategies • Interest-based reading opportunities • Self-regulation/monitoring • Literary skill development • Opportunity to assess reading level and book match and find optimal challenge level • Opportunities to use higher order thinking skill questions • Differentiation for all students in skills, questions, and book selection

24. Purpose of a Conference • Evaluate student’s book selection • Comprehension • Sophistication of ideas • Content • Suggest Possibilities • Make connections with student interests • Provide individualized instruction

25. Phase 3 Self-selected interest and choice components

26. I nterests C hoices E xplorations

27. Top Strategies For Phase 3 Books on CD Group Projects Buddy Reading SEM-Xplorations Renzulli Learning Literature Circles Creativity Activities Investigation Centers Independent Projects

28. Independent Projects Enable: • students and teachers to identify problems or topics of student interest • plan methods to investigate various types of student products • problem solve and demonstrate student’s ability to apply methodological skills and knowledge • find opportunities for joyful learning and self-regulation

29. Independent Projects • Build on student interest • Encourage independence • Allow work with complex and abstract ideas • Enable long-term and in-depth work on topics of interest • Develop task commitment and self-regulation • Teach planning and research skills at advanced levels

30. Interest and Depth lead to Creative Productivity We need students to get more deeply interested in things, more involved in them, more engaged in wanting to know, to have projects that they can get excited about and work on over long periods of time, to be stimulated to find things out on their own. (Howard Gardner in an interview with R. Brandt, Educational Leadership, 1993)

31. Tales From The Classroom:Experiences with SEM-R

32. Study Design

33. Participants and Setting • The research site is a high school in rural Cannon Falls, Minnesota. • The participating teacher is a 40-year veteran teacher licensed in high school speech, theater, and English, and he was trained to use the SEM-R at a summer institute during the summer of 2008. • The participating students are consenting juniors and seniors in a basic reading course.

34. Adolescent Motivation to Read Profile: • 20 item survey adapted for online use that uses a 4 point scale to measure self concept as a reader and value of reading • STAR Reading Test: • online test through the Accelerated Reader Company that provides a norm-referenced reading assessment of students’ reading achievement and ability to comprehend • Instant Messenger Chats: • semi-structured interviews conducted by the researchers using IM accounts created specifically for this project to protect the students’ anonymity with questions that focus on students’ motivation to read, reading habits, and perceptions of reading • Teacher Log: • weekly reflections written by the participating teacher to document progress and goals throughout the basic reading course

35. Data Collection and Analysis • Results from the STAR Test and the AMRP is entered into an SPSS document for analysis • Logs of the IM interviews are entered into NVivo for use in qualitative data coding • Data analysis allows researchers to identify changes in students’ motivation to read, perceptions of themselves as readers, and overall reading achievement

36. STAR Test Data A paired samples t-test was conducted to evaluate the impact of the SEM-R implementation on students’ scores on the STAR Test. There was no significant change in STAR Test scores from Time 1 (M=964.48, SD=328.70) to Time 2 (M=933.52, SD=321.16) t(22)=.84, p=.41.

37. AMRP Data A paired samples t-test was conducted to evaluate the impact of the SEM-R implementation on students’ scores on the AMRP.

38. AMRP – Self Concept There was no significant change in the AMRP Self Concept scores from Time 1 (M=27.85, SD=6.167) to Time 2 (M=29.20, SD=5.68); t(19)= -1.398, p=0.178

39. AMRP – Value of Reading There was a significant change in the AMRP Value of Reading scores from Time 1 (M=19.90, SD=5.66) to Time 2 (M=22.10, SD=5.09); t(19)= -2.624, p=0.017

40. AMRP – Total There was a significant change in the AMRP Total scores from Time 1 (M=47.75, SD=10.533) to Time 2 (M=51.30, SD=8.951); t(19)= -2.856, p=0.01

41. Questions?

42. Resolve to edge in a little reading every day, if it is but a single sentence. If you gain fifteen minutes a day, it will make itself felt at the end of the year. —Horace Mann

43. —R. M. Hutchins “We do not need to burn books to kill our civilization; we need only to leave them unread for a generation.”

44. We read to know we’re not alone. —C. S. Lewis