Main Ideas:

1. Life in Ancient Rome Main Ideas: 1.Major developments took place in science and engineering 2. Artists, architects, and writers borrowed ideas from the Greeks

2. The Romans admired and studied Greek art, architecture, and ideas. Roman Culture Romans placed Greek-style statues in their homes and Greek-style porches and columns in buildings.

3. Roman Mosaics

4. Roman Admiration of the Greeks The Romans copied the Greeks in many ways but changed what they borrowed to suit their own needs and solve everyday problems. Romans added arches and domes in buildings to provide support Rows of arches build one against one another form a vault.

5. Roman Aqueducts

6. Romans were the first people to invent and use concrete. Many Roman concrete buildings, such as the Colosseum and the Pantheon , still exists today. Roman concrete was a mixture of volcanic ash, lime, and water and was very strong Building in Rome

7. The Pantheon

8. The Collosseum is a huge arena that seated 60,000 people. The Pantheon is a domed temple built to honor Roman gods. It’s domed roof was the largest or it’s time.

9. The Roman Colosseum http://www.italyguides.it/us/roma/colosseum.htm http://www.history.com/videos/coliseum-deconstructed

10. Roman Roads: The Appian Way http://www.history.com/videos/where-did-it-come-from-ancient-rome---mobile-society

11. Roman artists admired Greek sculptures which were made to look perfect or idealistic. Roman Art Roman statues were more realistic however, and included wrinkles, warts, and other less attractive features.

12. Roman Realism

13. Roman authors based much of their writings on Greek works Literature The Aenied describes the adventures of the Trojan prince, Aeneas, and portrays him as the ideal Roman, brave, self-controlled, and loyal to the gods. Roman writer, Virgil drew some of his ideas from Homer’s Odyssey when he wrote his epic poem the Aenied. Roman writer, Ovid, wrote works based on Greek myths.

14. Horace wrote satires that poked fun at human weaknesses and odes that expressed strong emotions about life. Catullus, wrote short poems about love, sadness and envy. Roman Poets

15. Livy wrote his History of Rome to describe Rome’s rise to power and to celebrate Rome’s greatness. Tacitus wrote about the dark side of Roman history believing that Rome’s emperors had taken people’s freedoms and were corrupt. Roman Historians

16. Roman Playwright, Seneca wrote tragedies. Roman Playwrights, Plautus and Terence, wrote comedies Roman Playwrights

17. The language of the Romans, Latin, became Europe’s language for government, trade, and learning. Latin became the basis of many modern languages such as, Italian, French, and Spanish. Roman Language Many English words come from Latin.

18. The Romans learned from Greek science and engineering. Roman Science and Engineering Roman engineers built roads and bridges to connect the empire and aqueducts to bring water into the cities for fountains, bathhouses, and sewer systems to remove waste. Greek doctor, Galen, emphasized the importance of anatomy, the study of body structure. He cut open dead animals and recorded his findings Astronomer, Ptolemy, studied the sky and mapped over 1.000 different stars. He studied the motion of planets and created rules explaining their movements.

19. Roman Baths

20. Horrible Histories Roman toilets

21. The City of Rome It was laid out in a square with an open space, called the Forum, at it’s center and temples and public buildings around it. Rome was one of the largest cities in the ancient world with over 1 million people. Fire was a constant danger because people used torches and lamps for light and cooked with oil. The city of Rome was crowded, noisy, and dirty. People tossed garbage into the street and thieves prowled the streets.

22. Daily Life in Ancient Rome

23. The rich and poor had very different lives in the Roman Empire. The People of Rome Most people were poor and lived in one room apartments made of stone and wood that were up to 6 stories high. The wealthy lived in large, comfortable houses with fine furniture and beautiful gardens with a center courtyard called an atrium. On country estates they built villas. To keep poor people from rioting, the Roman government provided “bread and circuses” or free grain and shows.

24. The Circus Maximus and Colosseum

25. Roman Games

26. Roman sporting events took place in the Colosseum, amphitheatres, and the Circus Maximus http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CWCwnkdPPC c Romans of every class flocked to the Chariot races and gladiator contests Wild beast fights, battles between ships, and gladiator contests attracted Roman spectators by the thousands Roman Games Gladiators fought animals and each other. Most gladiators were enslaved people, criminals, or poor people, but were admired as heroes. Chariot racing was held in the Circus Maximus and the drivers wore team colors of red, white, green, and blue

27. Roman Family Life Roman families were large and included parents, children, married children and their families, other relatives, and enslaved servants. Roman families were called paterfamilias and the father was the head of the household with complete control over family members. Paterfamilias punished disobedient children, arranged marriages, and made sure children were educated.

28. Wealthy Romans hired tutors to teach their young children at home. Older boys went to school. Poor Romans could not afford to send their children to school or hire tutors. Education for Roman Children Boys learned reading, writing, and rhetoric, or public speaking. Girls studied reading, writing, and household duties at home.

29. Rites of Passage for Boys and Girls Between ages 14 and 16, Roman boys celebrated becoming a man and began wearing a toga. He burned his toys and offered them to the gods. He could then enter the family business, become a soldier, or work in government. Girls did not become adults until they married. Women usually wore a long robe and cloak called a palla.

30. Slavery was part of Roman life from early times and grew as the Romans added more territory. Prisoners were brought to Italy and by 100 B.C., 40 percent of the people in Italy were enslaved. Enslaved people did many different jobs. They worked in homes, fields, mines, workshops and built roads, bridges, and aqueducts. Enslaved Greeks were well educated and served as teachers, doctors, and artisans. Roman Slaves For most slaves, life was miserable. Slaves often rebelled.

31. In 73 B.C., a gladiator named Spartacus led a slave revolt with a force of 70,000 enslaved people who defeated several Roman armies. Who was Spartacus? The revolt was crushed and Spartacus was crucified with 6,000 of his followers.

32. The ancient Romans worshiped many gods and goddesses and believed that spirits lived in natural things such as trees and rivers. Greek gods and goddesses were given Roman names.

33. Roman Religion

34. Romans honored their gods and goddesses by praying and offering food. Roman homes had alters for these rituals. Roman Religion As the empire grew, Romans came into contact with other religions. this was allowed as long as they did not threaten the government. Those religions who did were punished. Christianity was one. Government officials made offerings in temples.

38. What architectural details do you see in your community?

40. Trouble in the Republic Roman Poets and Historians .

42. BUT:

43. And then... So What?