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Physical Change Phases of Matter

Physical Change Phases of Matter. Waters Phases:. “Water”. “Ice”. “Vapor”. They might seem completely different… But are they really?. ***You learned about the details of phases themselves in 7 th grade. We are going to focus on WHY and HOW they change. Phases & States of Matter.

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Physical Change Phases of Matter

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  1. Physical ChangePhases of Matter

  2. Waters Phases: “Water” “Ice” “Vapor” They might seem completely different… But are they really? ***You learned about the details of phases themselves in 7th grade. We are going to focus on WHY and HOW they change.

  3. Phases & States of Matter • Today’s two big points: • All phases are dependant upon the amount of thermal (heat) energy the substance • And how the energy affects the bonds between molecules in the substance.

  4. Property you need to know: If a substance is a solid, liquid, or gas at a certain temperature: That is a Property of that substance! EX: Water is a good example since it is so simple! <0 degrees Celsius = Solid (if you stuck a thermometer in a solid piece of “ice” what would be a temperature you would expect?) >0 degrees Celsius = Liquid (if you stuck a thermometer in a glass of liquid water what would be a temperature you would expect?) >100 degrees Celsius = Gas Water is pretty much the ONLY substance that changes phase at these temperatures. For example: Nitrogen will still be a gas at -196 degrees Celsius!!! Nitrogen will MELT at -210 degrees Celsius (-346 F)!!! ***All substances change phase at a certain temperature unique for that substance. “Hot” and “cold” don’t matter…

  5. Energy of the Phases: Q: What is the ONLY real difference between each phase? A: The amount of energy the molecules have!

  6. Solids • Very little energy • Not enough energy to break the bonds between molecules • Strong Bonds • Definite Shape (doesn’t change) • Definite Volume (can measure it) • Molecules very close together This picture shows what the atoms in a solid are doing (if we could see them)

  7. Liquids • “Medium” Energy • Some bonds get broken – but they keep reforming. • “Medium” Bond Strength • No Definite Shape (Takes shape of “container”) • Definite Volume (Can measure it) • Not as tightly packed together • Can move around some (“flow”) This picture shows what the atoms in a liquid are doing (if we could see them)

  8. Gases • “High” amount of Energy • Enough energy to break the bonds • “Weak” Bond Strength • No Definite Shape (can’t see it) • No Definite Volume (difficult to measure) • Very spread out • Moving freely through container This picture shows what the atoms in a gas are doing (if we could see them)

  9. Energy of the Phases Review: • Solid: Q: Would you describe this as having a high, medium or low amount of energy? • Liquid: Q: Would you describe this as having a high, medium or low amount of energy? • Gas: Q: Would you describe this as having a high, medium or low amount of energy? Q: What is the ONLY real difference between each phase? A: The amount of energy the molecules have!

  10. Changing from Phase to Phase Review: Water is a great example because we are all so familiar with it! Melting Solid Freezing Vaporizing Liquid Condensing Q: What do we have to do to make a phase change to a new phase? Q: As a substance experiences a phase change, what are the processes called? Q: When we change the phase, have we made a new substance? Gas A: NO! IT IS STILL WATER (H2O)! A: Melting, Freezing, Vaporizing (Boil and Evap.), Condensing A: Increase or decrease the energy of the molecules in the substance! ***No change in the substance = Physical Change!

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