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ALCOHOL

ALCOHOL. By: Jenna Washuleski.

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ALCOHOL

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  1. ALCOHOL By: Jenna Washuleski

  2. You may be suffering from alcoholism, or maybe you are an occasional drinker. You could be a family member or friend of an alcoholic, or you could just be a curious individual. no matter who you are, you are welcome to view this power point on alcohol, alcoholism, health related issues, and more. Alcoholism is a serious issue in the United States. Become aware of this problem in this 20 minute presentation. Enjoy.

  3. (National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence, Inc.)

  4. What is Alcohol? • Alcohol is a legal, sedative drug that changes our mental and physical state. • Central Nervous System depressant • Causes behavioral and pharmacological effects • Dose not consist of any nutrients • Pure alcohol is inflammable, colorless, and odorless • Is socially accepted (Not typically seen as a drug) • Addictive • It is the most commonly abused substance in the United States (Hull & Stone, 2004)

  5. Different Kinds Of Alcohol (Hanson, Venturelli & Annette, 2012)

  6. Types Of Drinking Alcohol (Daughtery & O'Bryan, 2014)

  7. What is a Standard Drink? • ½ an ounce of 100% of any drinking alcohol is a standard drink. • (Daughtery& O'Bryan, 2014)

  8. Factors That Cause us to React to Alcohol Differently • Gender • Women are more sensitive to the effects of alcohol • Age • Race or Ethnicity • Weight • Body fat does not dilute alcohol • Food consumption • How fast they ingest alcohol • Use of other drugs, legal (prescription medicines) or illegal (marijuana, coke, etc.) • Family history of alcohol problems. (National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence, Inc.)

  9. Types of Drinkers • Current Drinkers • At least 1 drink in past 30 days • Binge Drinkers • Heavily drinking on a single occasion at least one day in the past 30 days • Women: 4+ Drinks • Men: 5+ Drinks • Heavy Drinkers • Increased tolerance • 5+ drinks in one occasion for 5+ days in the past 30 days • Teetotalers • No alcoholic consumption What kind of drinker are you? (Hanson, Venturelli & Annette, 2012)

  10. Five Type of Alcoholics (Futures)

  11. What is Alcoholism Anyway? • Alcoholism is when a person is physically and mentally addicted to ethanol (drinking alcohol). • A person suffering with this disease has no control over their drinking limit, has cravings, experiences health disorders, behavior disorders, tends to make high risk choices, and has a hard time functioning on a social basis and economically. • There is currently no precise point where someone is labeled as an alcoholic. • Tolerance surpasses trigger level (Hanson, Venturelli & Annette, 2012)

  12. What Influences Someone To Drink? (Daughtery & O'Bryan, 2014)

  13. REMEMBER…. • Influences only put an individual at HIGH RISK. • Someone can have history of alcoholism and not develop alcohol related issues. • Someone can not have history of alcoholism and develop dependence on alcohol. • It is important to be aware of what our high risk factors are so we can prevent building tolerance which leads to alcohol related health issues.

  14. Tolerance & Trigger Levels • Some individuals have an increased, lower, or standard trigger level that is determined at birth. • When there is increased biological risk, the individual will have a lower trigger level. • Every time someone makes a high level risk choice, their bodies will adapt, and their tolerance will increase. Over time, their tolerance builds and builds. • Eventually, their tolerance will surpass their trigger levelresulting in health related issues. (Daughtery & O'Bryan, 2014)

  15. This method conceptualizes the development of alcohol related health problems. THE PREVIOUS SLIDE IS EASIER TO EXPLAIN BY USING THIS FORMULA. Biology+ Quantity & Frequency Of High Risk Choices Based Off Sociological & Psychological Influences = Outcome (Daughtery & O'Bryan, 2014)

  16. What are the Negative Outcomes of this formula? • Damage to our • Brain • Nervous System • Digestive System • Gastrointestinal Problems • Pancreatitis • Fetus • Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS): facial deformities, growth deficiencies, and mental retardation • Liver • Hepatotoxic Effect • Alcoholic Hepatitis • Cirrhosis • Kidneys • Endocrine System • Blood • High blood pressure • Mental disorders and damage to the brain • Wernicke-Korsakoff’s syndrome • Sexual Organs • Reproducing • Cardiovascular System • Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy (Hanson, Venturelli & Annette, 2012) Click here to watch what alcohol does to our bodies.

  17. Lets break down the physical and mental outcomes by alcohol dosage • Low to moderate • Moderate • High • High quantity at high frequency

  18. Low To Moderate Doses • Impair motor activity, reflexes, and coordination • Impact how the individual acts socially depending on setting and mental state. Results can be: • Euphoria, sociable, and talkative • Violent and argumentative (Hanson, Venturelli & Annette, 2012)

  19. Moderate Doses • Creates a minor increase in heart rate • Slightly dilated blood vessels in arms, legs, and skin • An increase in urine output • Stimulates appetite • Temporarily lowers blood pressure (Hanson, Venturelli & Annette, 2012)

  20. High Doses • Causes drowsiness and causes sleep • Stimulates a hangover when drinking stops • Creates difficulty in walking, talking, and thinking • The individual can experience blackouts (Hanson, Venturelli & Annette, 2012)

  21. High Quantity At High Frequency • Blood alcohol level between 0.4 – 0.6 • Impaired coordination • Confusion • Disorientation • Can even result to anesthesia, a coma, and even death.

  22. More Problems Alcohol Creates • Individuals can also experience emotional, social, and financial problems • If someone who frequently makes high risk choices tries to stop drinking, he/she will experience withdrawals • Shaky hands • Sweating • Mild anxiety • Headache • Insomnia • Nausea • Vomiting • Fever • Extreme withdrawal symptoms: • Seizures • Hallucinations • Irregular heartbeat • Severe confusion (Hanson, Venturelli & Annette, 2012)

  23. Poly-Drug Use • Mixing Alcohol with other drugs • Alcohol increases the affects of other CNS depressants • Reduces side effects of other drugs • Someone may combine alcohol with an expensive or difficult-to-get drug • Enhances the desired effect • Won’t have to use as much of the drug (Hanson, Venturelli & Annette, 2012)

  24. In the appropriate box, write down the pros and cons based on your low risk choices towards alcohol. Then write down the pros and cons of continued high risk choices. Low Risk Choices High Risk Choices PROS (Daughtery & O'Bryan, 2014) CONS This activity will provide you with important information you can use in making a new choice.

  25. Ways To Quit Drinking • Alcoholics Anonymous Meetings • AODA Counseling • Get rid of temptations • Announce your goal to family, friends, co-workers, etc., and ask for their support • Avoid bad influences • Develop new hobbies and interests • Motivate yourself and set goals • Reward yourself for progress • Learn from the past • You might have relapsed (return to your addiction), but do not let that discourage you! Know what works for you, and what doesn’t. • BE POSITIVE! (Josh, 2014)

  26. Medications If someone is trying to quit drinking alcohol, they might need medication to help with the process. • Disulfiram(Antabuse): Alters the way alcohol metabolizes when a person consumes it. • Results in painful symptoms • Reduces the desire to drink • Natrexone(opiate antagonist): Dismisses craving in 20% of alcoholics  • Acamprosate(Campral): Reduces withdrawal symptoms (Hanson, Venturelli & Annette, 2012)

  27. Self assessment Answer YES OR NO the following questions for the last 12 months of your drinking use: • When I drink, I drink more than what is recommended. • It now takes more alcohol for me to get intoxicated than when I started. • I function best in groups when I am making high risk drinking choices. • Have you wanted or needed to cut down on your drinking in the last year? • In the last year, have you ever drank more than you meant to? • Have you had a feeling of guilt or remorse after drinking? • Have you failed to do what was normally expected from you because of drinking? • Have you been unable to remember what happened the night before because you had been drinking? • Have you needed a drink in the morning to get yourself going after a heavy drinking episode? • Have you tried to cut back on your drinking but could not? • Sometimes when I start drinking, it is like something takes over and I get drunk without meaning to. Based on your answers, what do you need/want to improve on? (Daughtery & O'Bryan, 2014)

  28. Pros for Quitting Drinking (Smith, Robinson & Segal, 2014)

  29. TAKEACTIONTODAY!

  30. Resources • Hull , J. G., & Stone, L. B. (2004). What is alcohol?. Retrieved from http://www.drugs.ie/alcohol_info/about_alcohol/what_is_alcohol/ • Daughtery, R., & O'Bryan, T. (2014). Prime for life. (8.0 ed.). Lexington, Kentucky, USA: Prevention Research Institute. • Futures, P. B. (n.d.). The different types of alcoholics. Retrieved from http://www.futuresofpalmbeach.com/alcoholism/types-of-alcoholics/ • Smith, M., Robinson, L., & Segal, J. (2014, February ).Alcohol addiction treatment & self-help. Retrieved from http://www.helpguide.org/mental/alcohol_abuse_alcoholism_help_treatment_prevention.htm

  31. Resources Continued • Josh. (2014). The benefits of quitting drinking – why should you stop?. Retrieved from http://www.cleanandsoberlive.com/the-benefits-of-quitting-drinking-why-should-you-stop/ • Hanson, G., Venturelli, P., & Annette, F. (2012). Drugs and society. (11th ed., pp. 182-243). Burlington, MA, USA: Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC. • National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence, Inc. (n.d.). Learn about alcohol faq facts. Retrieved from http://www.ncadd.org/index.php/learn-about-alcohol/faqsfacts

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