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Biochemistry Remediation Review

Biochemistry Remediation Review. Water Science. Properties of Water Polar: HAS A NORTH AND SOUTH POLE. Has 2 positive charges (on H) and 1 negative side (on O) Hydrophobic: water FEARS non-polar molecules. STAYS AWAY. (e.g. oils and fats don’t mix with water)

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Biochemistry Remediation Review

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  1. Biochemistry Remediation Review

  2. Water Science • Properties of Water • Polar: HAS A NORTH AND SOUTH POLE. • Has 2 positive charges (on H) and 1 negative side (on O) • Hydrophobic: water FEARS non-polar molecules. STAYS AWAY. (e.g. oils and fats don’t mix with water) • Hydrophilic: water LOVES other POLAR molecules. • Water exhibits • Adhesion: water sticks to surfaces • Cohesion: water sticks to itself • Capillary Action: water moves against gravity

  3. SOLUTIONS • SOLUTE + SOLVENT= SOLUTION • Solute: what is being dissolved in the solution • Solvent: what is doing the dissolving in the solution • Water is known as the universal solvent.

  4. Organic Molecules • Molecules that MUST contain the element carbon • May also contain H, O, N, P • Are found in the organic macromolecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids)

  5. Macromolecules- Carbohydrates • Carbohydrates • Monomer: monosaccharides • Two carbs: disaccharide • Many: Polymer name: Polysaccharides • Function: Used for immediate energy • Ex: Starches, glycogen, fructose, sucrose, maltose

  6. Macromolecules- Lipids • Building blocks: 3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol • Polymer: Triglyceride • Function: Energy reserves, insulation, protection

  7. Macromolecules- Proteins • Monomer: amino acid • Carboxyl group • Amino group • R side chain (can change) • Two amino acids: DIpeptide Polymer: Polypeptide (protein) Function: cell repair and growth, growth of hair, skin, nails, makes up enzymes

  8. Macromolecules- Nucleic Acids • Monomer: nucleotide • Phosphate, sugar, nitrogen base Polymer: DNA/RNA Holds and transmits genetic (hereditary) information

  9. How do these molecules bond together and break apart? • Dehydration Synthesis (Condensation): two monomers (or building blocks) come together with the removal of water= CONDENSE AND BOND forms polymers • Hydrolysis: polymers break with the ADDITION OF WATER to form monomers

  10. Animation Review • http://nhscience.lonestar.edu/biol/dehydrat/dehydrat.html

  11. Enzymes • Enzymes are protein molecules • Enzymes can be reused again • Enzymes help to speed up biochemical reactions in living things • Enzymes lower the activation energy therefore speeding up the biochemical reaction • Use the lock and key or induced fit model to carry out biochemical reaction • Enzymes are influenced by pH, temperature, amount of substrate and enzyme present. Enzymes can be denatured (damaged)if not placed in the correct environment.

  12. Student Resources • REFER TO SPECIFIC PPT SLIDES PRESENTATIONS ON TEACHER WEBPAGE FOR SPECIFIC COMPREHENSIVE CONTENT INFORMATION TAUGHT DURING THIS UNIT

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