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World War One Chapter 11

World War One Chapter 11. World War I. Causes of the war 1. Nationalism a. D efinition : pride in your country b. Competition between countries 2. Colonial rivalry a. Battle for colonies (Asia/ Africa) b. Small skirmishes 3. Military Build-up a. Arms race-money for arming themselves

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World War One Chapter 11

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  1. World War OneChapter 11

  2. World War I Causes of the war 1. Nationalism a. Definition: pride in your country b. Competition between countries 2. Colonial rivalry a. Battle for colonies (Asia/ Africa) b. Small skirmishes 3. Military Build-up a. Arms race-money for arming themselves b. Technology of weapons

  3. Size of Military

  4. Colonial Rivalry

  5. Causes of the war 4. Triple Alliance Members: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy Goal: protect each other 5. Triple Entente Members: Great Britain , France, Russia Goal: protect one another 6. Assassination: Franz Ferdinand Heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary Black Hand: terrorist group/ assassin: Gavrilo Princip Anti Austrian-Hungary feelings Misunderstanding A-H, Serbia, Germany http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=assassination+of+franz+ferdinand&qs=VI&form=QBVR&pq=assassination+of+fr&sc=8-19&sp=1&sk=#view=detail&mid=18685579A228C59B81E918685579A228C59B81E9

  6. Alliances

  7. World War I Series of misunderstandings • Austria-Hungary blames Serbia (connected to Russia) for assassination • The war has nothing to do with Great Britain, France, Germany, or Italy • They got involved because they were part of an alliance • Military-Size http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/FWWarmies1914.htm

  8. How It Starts

  9. President Woodrow Wilson • Wilson Bio http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/woodrowwilson • Facts http://www.apples4theteacher.com/holidays/presidents-day/woodrow-wilson/facts.html • Edith Wilson http://www.firstladies.org/biographies/firstladies.aspx?biography=29

  10. American Involvement President Wilson Policy of neutrality (not taking sides) (1914-1917) Wilson is a pacifist America gives aid to Allied Powers (Great Britain, France, Russia) Is this being neutral? Causes of USA involvement 1. Sinking of US ships Lusitania- British passenger ship. American citizens on board. (over 100 killed): This fueled Americans’ anger towards Germany

  11. Germany’s Warning Sinking of Lusitania http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sURi21sJsWc

  12. Ammunition on Board? A dive team from Cork Sub Aqua Club, diving under license, discovered 15,000 rounds of the .303 (7.7×56mmR) caliber rifle ammunition transported on Lusitania. In December 2008, Gregg Bemis's dive team estimated a further four million rounds of .303 ammunition were on the ship. Is this right?

  13. Causes of USA Involvement 2. Propaganda- information or ideas methodically spread to promote or injure a cause, movement, nation. (Positive or negative) • To sell a product or idea or persuade you to think in a certain way. • Examples: commercials, advertisements, movie trailers, lawn signs. • Purpose of propaganda is to convince the USA to enter the war.

  14. Propaganda Types • Bandwagon: everybody’s doing it. • Testimonial: Famous person uses product. (endorsement) • Plain folks: everyday people use product. • Transfer: symbols or quotes used that are not associated with product. • Logical Fallacies: If one thing is true, it must always be true for someone else.

  15. Examples Bandwagon Testimonial

  16. Propaganda Types • Glitteringgeneralities: in the name of democracy, family values, rights, civilization, even the word, “American”. • Name calling: using a negative image. • Jingles: songs or rhymes for you to sing and remember. • Emotional: any other advertisements that invoke an emotion. (fear, pride, anger, concerned.)

  17. Examples Name Calling Emotional

  18. Examples of Propaganda

  19. Examples of propaganda • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=llZ6k4gfrCw • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NdLsQcYyAcc&feature=related

  20. Causes of US Involvement • 3. Zimmerman Telegram • Sent to Mexico from Germany • Germany asks Mexico to invade the U.S. • With the goal to preoccupy the U.S. • Keep U.S. out of Europe Reaction of U.S. people • Angered the people which led to war. • Declare war: bully to victim • Took U.S. from neutrality to becoming a member of the Allies • http://www.archives.gov/global-pages/larger-image.html?i=/education/lessons/zimmermann/images/decoded-message-l.jpg&c=/education/lessons/zimmermann/images/decoded-message.caption.html

  21. War on the Home Front Power of the Government increases Mobilizing the economy Operate nation as one industry Government: What to make, how much it costs, and how many Government: Sets wages, type of job, work hours, no labor strikes allowed

  22. Government Power-Increases Fuel Administration Ration of fuel – gas, oil, coal Daylight savings time: created to save electricity HOW?? Food Administration Rationing food Meat-less Tuesdays Wheat-less Wednesdays Victory gardens: grow you own food Other products: (recycling) Rationed cigarettes, alcohol, metal/ recycle, and food products

  23. Daylight Savings Time

  24. Daylight Saving Time • http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=Daylight+Saving+Time+In+North+America&Form=R5FD1#view=detail&mid=509B1CE4EA830E5F73E1509B1CE4EA830E5F73E1

  25. War on the Home Front Role of women Women went to work Became head of family/household Still denied the right to vote! Funding the war Cost of WWI- $3.3 billion, $10 billion to Allies USA spent $44 million per day Raise money or funding by increasing taxes Income tax, sales tax, sin tax Sell bonds: war bonds, liberty bonds, savings bonds Personal loans: US government pays back with interest http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KNXhmGzBQdo

  26. Buy A Bond

  27. War on the Home Front Loss of Individual Rights Loss of 1st Amendment rights Creation of loyalty leagues Oath of loyalty • Encouraged to spy on each other • Illegal to criticize the president Censorship : newspapers, magazines, radio Sell the war to Americans (propaganda that gives positives of the war)

  28. Schenck v USA Limit of Personal Freedom 1st amendment: Freedom of speech, Freedom of religion, press, expression Can it be limited? Charles Schenck- got arrested • USA Socialist party • Article-Draft=Slavery • Draft/Deed against humanity • He violated the espionage act (interfere with war) and the sedition act (illegal to criticize the USA.)

  29. Schenck v USA Results of case: Schenck is found guilty Supreme Court of USA 9-0 upheld conviction 3 other cases: they upheld the conviction Individual rights are less important then the good of the country in time of war! Is this right or wrong? Supreme Court-Students http://www.uscourts.gov/educational-resources/get-informed/supreme-court/landmark-supreme-court-cases-about-students.aspx Can it be limited? http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=when+can+1st+amendment+be+violated&FORM=HDRSC3#view=detail&mid=4FE9B82F68A14651C8CA4FE9B82F68A14651C8CA

  30. Peace Settlements Wilson’s 14 Points President Woodrow Wilson Goal: Prevent another war. Keep peace in the world The Plan • a. No secret treaties • b. freedom of the seas • c. free trade • d. Limit size of the military • e. end colonial rivalry • f. re-draw band of Europe (change the map) • g. create the League of Nations (United Nations) US does not participate-Why?

  31. Peace Settlements Big 4 Conference Who was there? USA: Wilson Great Britain: George France : Clemenceau Italy: Orlando Goal: Create treaty and prevent another war Is it a success or failure?

  32. Peace Settlements Demands USA: Adoption of the 14 points Great Britain: Revenge against Germany War reparations ($) Colonies War guilt (they blame Germany, but Germany is not responsible for starting the war) France: Revenge against Germany War reparations ($) War guilt Create buffer state (Rhineland) Italy : Territory

  33. Versailles Treaty Treaty is signed by all except USA (never ratified) Why? USA Isolationism Provisions (Germany): War reparations-Final Payment http://abcnews.go.com/International/germany-makes-final-reparation-payments-world-war/story?id=11755920 Rhineland is demilitarized War guilt- Admit that Germany started the war Redraw some boundaries of Europe Colonies become mandates of League Creation of League of Nations (US never joined)

  34. Post War Issues Economic Depressions-World-wide High unemployment Change in government/Fall of monarchies Introduction to communism (Russia becomes the Soviet Union) Resentment (revenge)/ Germany/War guilt USA adopts the policy of isolationism • Never joins the League of Nations • Never signs the Versailles Treaty

  35. Wilson Quote “ I can predict with absolute certainty that within another generation there will be another world war if the nations of the world do not concert the method by which to prevent it.” President Wilson I know not with what weapons World War III will be fought, but World War IV will be fought with sticks and stones. Albert Einstein

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