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World War One

World War One. American Expeditionary Force Propaganda and Sedition Act War Economy 14 Points and Versailles Treaty. American Expeditionary Force. General Pershing heads the AEF. Selective Service Act: 24 million registered 2 million fought in Europe. “Dough Boys.”

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World War One

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  1. World War One American Expeditionary Force Propaganda and Sedition Act War Economy 14 Points and Versailles Treaty

  2. American Expeditionary Force • General Pershing heads the AEF. • Selective Service Act: 24 million registered • 2 million fought in Europe. “Dough Boys.” • Trench warfare: modern technology, • “total war,” 100sK die in battles • Marne, St. Mihiel, Meuse R, Argonne Forest. AEF contributed to Allied victory • Armistice 11 November 1918 • WWI: 9 million died, 21 million injured, changed • Geopolitical landscape of the world. • Bolshevik Revolution: Reds v. Whites, • US troops try to help Whites.

  3. Trench War

  4. WWI Tank

  5. William II

  6. Indians fighting in France

  7. Wounded soldiers WWI: 21 m.

  8. War at Home • Propaganda: Committee on Public Inform. • George Creel and muckrakers led it • 75,000 “four minute men.” 75 m pamphlets • Hamburger-> “liberty sandwich” • Civil Liberties infringed • Espionage Act: 20 yrs for “aiding enemy.” • Sedition Act: illegal to criticize the gov. • 1,500 arrested: Debs, Socialists, WWI

  9. War Economy • War Finance Corp: William McAdoo • Taxes: from 7%-77%, raised $10 billion • “Victory Bonds:” raised $23 billion War Industries Board: Bernard Baruch oversaw production of all companies, set prices, quotas, what to make, allocated raw materials, ran trains, Food Administration: Herbert Hoover • Food rations, meatless and wheatless days. • Fixed prices, Public sacrifice for war effort

  10. Workers, Blacks, Migration • Unions grow: War Labor Board (WLB) • To Prevent strikes during the war: raise • wages, lower hours, Felix Frankfurter • Women remain about 8 million workers • Better pay, more independence • First Black Migration: 450,000 go north • First Mexican Immigration: 100,000

  11. Woodrow Wilson Diplomacy • Main Themes: “Peace without victory” • 14 points: free trade, open negotiations, • Self-determination, League of Nations (p.713) • 1918 election gamble: people for GOP • Right before WW sails to Paris, no Republicans • Mistakes at Treaty of Versailles: big 4, • Germany & Russia not invited, punished • German to pay $33 billion reparations • Fight over League of Nations: Article X, • Does not work with GOP Senate, treaty defeated • Stroke: Edith Wilson runs Whitehouse

  12. Impact of the Great War in U.S. • End of laissez-fair society: people see the • Huge power of government as a tool • America leading world economic power • Post-war cynicism: human progress? • African Americans move to northern cities Unions gain strength

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