1 / 36

Defining an independent nation

Defining an independent nation. How many countries are there?. N. Korea has an abundance of natural resources & S. Korea has industry. What if they reunited?. Taiwan is the most populous state not in the UN. Nation-States in Europe.

bcarol
Download Presentation

Defining an independent nation

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Defining an independent nation How many countries are there?

  2. N. Korea has an abundance of natural • resources & S. Korea has industry. What if they reunited?

  3. Taiwan is the most populous state not in the UN

  4. Nation-States in Europe • Nation-State: state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity • Desire for self rule (self-determination) • Nation States began emerging throughout the 1800s (Germany & Italy unification are good examples) • After WWI many E. European countries pushed for self-determination, which was supported by President Wilson of the U.S. & many boundaries lines were changed (many boundaries were set based on lang.)

  5. Europe before & after WWI

  6. Imperialism in 1914

  7. Ch.8 Key Process 3Why are Nation-States difficult to create? • Multi-ethnic state: state that contains more than one ethnicity • Multi-national state: country that contains more than one ethnicity w/ traditions of self-determination • Ex. Soviet Union before breakup in 1990s • Russia is the largest multi-national state

  8. Nation-States in Europe • Denmark: • 90% of the pop. are ethnic Danes • Most speak Danish, nearly all Danish speakers live in Denmark • 10% of pop. w/ the 2 largest minorities being Turkish & people from former Yugoslavia • Control 2 territories where few Danish people live • Faeroe Islands and Greenland (control most of their own domestic affairs) • Slovenia • Was a former republic of Yugoslavia, but became independent in 1991 • 83% are Slovenes • Boundaries coincide w/ Slovene ethnic group helping with overall stability & peace • Borders Italy and w/ changing boundary lines after WWII 1/5 of Slovenes live there

  9. E. Europe under Communism • Many E. European ethnic groups desired self-determination but the Communist leaders imposed centripetal forces to discourage differences until the break-up of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s • Ex. organized religion minimized, use Russian language, socialist realism (emphasized Communist economic & social values) • Soviet Union consisted of 15 republics now independent states: • 3 Baltic states: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania • 3 European States: Belarus, Moldova, & Ukraine • 5 Central Asian states: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, & Uzbekistan • 3 Caucasus states: Azerbaijan, Armenia, & Georgia • Russia

  10. Baltic States • Lithuania: 85% are ethnic Lithuanians, Roman Catholic, & speak a lang. of the Balto-Slavic branch of the Indo-European lang. • Estonia: 69% ethnic Estonians, most Estonians are Protestant (Lutheran), & speak Uralic related to Finnish • Latvia: 59% are ethnic Latvians, Latvians are predominately Lutheran w/ lg. Roman Catholic minority, speak a lang. of the Balto-Slavic brnach

  11. European States • Belarusians, Ukrainians, & Russians speak similar Slavic languages & predominately Orthodox Christians • Belarus & Ukraine: distinct due to physical isolation from Russians • Russians conquered region in 1700s • Distinct cultural differences btw. these groups • Moldova: ethnically indistinguishable from Romanians b/c it was part of Romania until Soviet Union took it over • Began independent in 1992 & many want to reunite w/ Romania • Problem w/ reunification is Russia increased Moldova’s size & many people on this land are Ukrainians or Russians who don’t want to unite

  12. European States

  13. Central Asian States • Turkmenistan: 85% Turkmen, Muslim, speak Altaic lang. • Conquered by Russia in 1800s & Turkmens are divided btw. the two countries • Uzbekistan: 80% Uzbek, Muslim speak Altaic lang. • Conquered by Russia in 1800s & divided among Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, & Uzbekistan • Kyrgyzstan: 69% Kyrgyz, 15% Uzbek, 9% Russian • Kyrgyz are Muslim who speak Altaic lang. • Resent Russians for taking best farmland • Kazakhstan: very large in comparison to other Central Asian states • Ethnic tension btw/ Kazakhs (67%) & Russians (18%) but b/c of relative stable economy it has been peacful • Differences include religion & lang. • Tajikistan: civil war btw/ Tajik people

  14. Central Asian States

  15. Caucasus Region • Conflict in this region w/ many ethnicities & boundaries of states not matching the territories occupied by these ethnicities • Azerbaijan: became independent in 1991 from former Soviet Union • Fragmented state w/ discontinuous pieces of territory • Russia & Iran claimed part of it in the 1800s • 91% are Azeris • 24% of Iran include Azeris (participate in gov’t but Iran restricts teaching of Azeri lang.) • Armenia: became independent in 1991 from former Soviet Union • Mostly Christians, 91% are Armenian • Long history of conquest & genocide (ex. Ottoman Empire) • Conflict btw. Armenia & Azerbaijan over land • 1994 cease-fire left area of Nagorno-Karabakh technically part of Azerbaijan but acts like an independent republic called Artsakh

  16. Georgia: unrest due to cultural diversity especially btw. Ossetians & Abkhazians • Abkhazians fought for NW portion of Georgia in 1990s & declared Abkhazia to be independent • Ossetians fought w/ Georgians resulting in the Ossetians declaring South Ossetia portion of Georgia to be independent • Russia has recognized Abkhazia & South Ossetia as independent countries & has sent troops there

  17. Russia • Largest country in world • Recognize 39 ethnic groups as nationalities, many eager for independence • 20% of country are non-Russian • Independence movements are flourishing b/c Russia is less willing to suppress these movements • Chechens (Sunni Muslims) are biggest concern for Russia • Chechnya declared its independence after breakup of USSR & refused to join Russia • Russia fought back b/c didn’t want other ethnicities to rebel & Chechnya also has petroleum deposits

More Related