Housing topics – Key results of the UNECE Survey on National Census Practices

1. Housing topics – Key results of the UNECE Survey on National Census Practices Adelheid Bauer Statistics Austria 2-October-2013

2. Content of the Presentation • Main results: concepts used • Main results: core topics • Main results: non-core topics • New topics • First proposals for the 2020 CESR

3. Concepts: Living quarters Living quarters are those housing types which are the usual residences of one or more persons. The concept of living quarters is qualified by the definitions of the main categories into which living quarters are divided.

4. Living quarters – key problems • Other housing units • While the concept of conventional dwellings is used by 100 per cent of the register-based census countries, the concept of other housing units is only used by four (out of eight, no response from one country) • Reason clearly given: Units are not available in the register(s)

5. Living quarters – key problems • Other housing units • Combined census: seven out of ten countries fully implemented the concept (occupied conventional dwellings: 90 %) • Traditional census: 25 out of 29 countries fully implemented the concept (occupied conventional dwelling: 25 out of 28) • Reasons for not complying are either concept not used or definition not fully compliant

6. Concepts: Homelessness • A homeless person can be broadly defined as a person who, because of the lack of housing, has not other option than to sleep • Rough • In emergency shelters, … • … • In accomodation temporarily provided by friends or relatives… • Primary homelessness • Secondary homelessness

7. Homelessness: key problems • Homeless persons are difficult to enumerate or there is no information in (population) registers • Slightly more than half of the surveyed countries adopted the concept of primary homelessness • Only a quarter of the surveyed countries adopted the concept of secondary homelessness

8. Homelessness: key problems • Countries with a traditional or combined census more often enumerated primary homeless persons than countries with a register-based census • No significant difference among different census approaches with respect to secondary homeless

9. Inclusion of core topics by census methodology

10. Inclusion of core topics in EEA and non EEA countries

11. Core topics – Classification used R...Recommended O...Optional D...Different from CES Recommendations 1 Number of rooms: it is only recommended that the residual group should at least be limited to one which contains less than 10 per cent of the cases and, at most, the category 10 or more rooms. 2 Identical at the one-digit level, but classification according to number of dwellings at the two-digit level.

12. Inclusion of non core topics

13. Other topics • Only few countries reported other topics. Four types of topics can be identified: • Questions related to energy saving and thermal insulation (Bulgaria, Italy, Romania) • Questions related to costs of maintaining the accomodation (Portugal, Canada, United States) • Does the accomodation suit the needs of people with a disability (Northern Ireland) • More information on the building (Austria, FYROM, Poland, Portugal)

14. New topics for 2020 • Type of energy used for heating water Yes, for sure: Switzerland (topic since 1980) Yes, possibly: Belgium, Finland, Israel, Turkey, Albania No: 37 %, Not yet decided: 49 % • Type of energy used for air-conditioning No: 53 %, Not yet decided: 47 % • Thermal insulation of the building Yes, possibly: Belgium, Hungary, Serbia No: 38 %, Not yet decided: 55%

15. Housing topics – first proposals for the 2020 CESR

16. First proposals – concepts and definitions • Living quarter, housing unit, conventional dwelling, other housing unit, collective living quarter • Concept and definitions remain as they are • To be discussed: Put categories „semi-permanent units“ and „other units designed for habitation“ together (Type of living quarter) • Take into consideraton that in some countries housing units other than a conventional dwelling such as mobile homes, cabins, huts etc. are not relevant as place of usual residence of people?

17. First proposals – concepts and definitions • Homelessness (primary, secondary) • Concept and definition has to be adapted in accordance with the chapter on households and families • (4.0) of Housing arrangements (Persons who are not usual residents in any living quarter category such as homeless or other people moving between temporary accomodations) and (2.2) of Household status (Primary homeless person)

18. First proposals – concepts and definitions • Room • Is the definition of „Room“ in terms of a minimum size of 4m2 necessary?

19. First proposals – core topics • Water supply system, toilet and bathing facilities • Non-core topics?

20. First proposals – core topics • Occupancy status, modified classification recommended at the one-digit level, optional at the two- and three-digit level (1.0) Occupied conventional dwellings (2.0) Unoccupied conventional dwellings (2.1) Dwellings reserved for seasonal or secondary use (2.2) Dwellings with residents not included in the census (2.3) Vacant dwellings (2.3.1) Vacant for sale (2.3.2) Vacant for rent (2.3.3) Vacant for demolition (2.3.4) Other vacant or not known

21. First proposals – core topics • Type of building 700. The following classification is recommended: 701. Number of conventional dwellings in: (1.0) Residential building (1.1) Detached house (1.1.1) Detached houses with one dwelling (1.1.2) Detached houses with two dwellings (1.2) Semi-detached house (two attached dwellings) (1.3) Row (or terraced) house (at least three attached or connected dwellings each with separate access to the outside) (1.4) Apartment buildings (1.4.1) Apartment buildings with three to nine dwellings (1.4.2) Appartment buildings with 10 or more dwellings (1.5) Other residential buildings (2.0) Non-residential buildings 702. For some purposes, it might be useful to classify the buildings by the number of dwellings a building contains. The relationship between the classification under paragraph 701 and the classification of buildings by the number of dwellings a building contains is: a) Dwellings in one-dwelling buidlings: (1.1.1) b) Dwellings in two-dwelling buildings: (1.1.2) and (1.2) c) Dwellings in three or more dwelling buildings: (1.3) and (1.4)

22. First proposals – core topics • Type of building • Skip „701. Number of conventional dwellings in:“ and 703 • Re-number 702 to 701. For some purposes, it might be useful to classify the buildings by the number of dwellings a building contains. • Skip the explanation on the relationship. • Proposed alternative classification by number of dwellings 1.0 Conventional dwellings in residential buildings 1.1 Conventional dwellings in residential buildings with one dwelling 1.2 Conventional dwellings in residential buildings with two dwellings 1.3 Conventional dwellings in residential buildings with three or more dwellings 2.0 Conventional dwellings in non-residential buildings

23. First proposals – non-core topics • To be discussed, if anyof the non-core topics should be eliminated (for example cooking facilities)

24. First proposals – new topics • Not much support for new topics. Too much burden for a housing census? • To be discussed: Inclusion of „Main type of energy used for heating water“ as additional non-core topic

25. Thank you for your attention Please address queries to: Adelheid Bauer Register-based Census Unit Contact information: Guglgasse 13, 1110 Vienna phone: +43 (1) 71128-7210 fax: +43 (1) 71128-7053 Adelheid.Bauer@statistik.gv.at