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going beyond the spatial mismatch hypothesis

New measure for labor market assessment. going beyond the spatial mismatch hypothesis. John Östh Department of Social & Economic Geography @ Uppsala University, Sweden. Accessibility measures are typically used to. Express proximity in general

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going beyond the spatial mismatch hypothesis

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  1. New measure for labor market assessment going beyond the spatial mismatch hypothesis John Östh Department of Social & Economic Geography @ Uppsala University, Sweden

  2. Accessibility measures are typically used to • Express proximity in general • Express the relationship between supply and demand, as used in: • Spatial Mismatch hypothesis • Gender and class related hypotheses (HRH, etc) • Assist localization decision

  3. Measuring accessibility • Outcome measures of accessibility • Commuting time/distance • Potential measures of accessibility • Catchment area analysis (job housing balance ratio, etc)

  4. Principle behind outcome measures of accessibility • Distance/time commuted represent individual’s accessibility • Poor accessibility (long commutes) Problems using outcome measures of accessibility • Endogeniety • Only commuters can be used

  5. Principle behind potential measures of accessibility

  6. Measurement bias using potential models

  7. Complexmodels of potential accessibility

  8. The ELMO-model is… • Estimated Labor Market Outcome • A doubly constrained measure of potential accessibility • Four major benefits • Individual input - individual output • Comparison • Non-iterative • Multi-topological

  9. ELMO topologies • A) Absolute Space (dichotomy) • B) Relative Space (distance decay)

  10. ELMO Step 1: A crude measure of accessibility The labor suppliers’ potential interest in each unit of demand for labor available within the catchment area. S = 5 AD = 50 Z = 0.1

  11. ELMO step 2: Introducing competition for jobs the relation between the local demand (D) for labor and the potential labor supply (AZ) is expressed. The abbreviation DC represents demand when competition is accounted for. D = 100 AZ = 2 DC = 50

  12. ELMO step 3: Accessibility to competition adjusted jobs The (aggregated) competed for jobs (ADC) are related to the local suppliers’ potential interest in the demand available within the catchment-area (Z). ADC = 100 Z = 0.1 EE = 10

  13. ELMO step 3: Accessibility to competition adjusted jobs

  14. Example of ELMO-output

  15. The future of ELMO • Funding to develop an “easy to use” program (accessibility/localization) • Developing ELMO-topologies • Period 2007-2009

  16. THE END

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