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Obesity in African American Children

Obesity in African American Children. Emma Dewart HPEG 58700-01 Dr. Howard-Baptist. Quick Facts. Childhood obesity has doubled in last 3 decades (Scaly, 2010) 12 million American children are currently obese (Fletcher, Cooper, Helms, Northingston, & Winters, 2009).

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Obesity in African American Children

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  1. Obesity in African American Children Emma Dewart HPEG 58700-01 Dr. Howard-Baptist

  2. Quick Facts • Childhood obesity has doubled in last 3 decades (Scaly, 2010) • 12 million American children are currently obese (Fletcher, Cooper, Helms, Northingston, & Winters, 2009). • Only 20% of nation’s schools have mandated daily fitness classes (Fletcher et al., 2009)

  3. Obesity in African American Children • African American children have highest prevalence of childhood obesity • 20% of African American children are obese (16.3% of white children are obese) (Hudson, 2008) • Girls are at a higher risk than boys (41.3%) (“Overweight”, 2010)

  4. Affects of Obesity • Physical: • Asthma • Hypertension • Type-2 diabetes • Sleep apnea • Joint pain • Orthopedic problems • Severe cardiovascular risks • Emotional: • Low self-esteem • Depression • Anxiety • Decrease in educational attainment • Social/attention problems • Withdrawal

  5. Socio-Cultural Factors • Society/Culture • Social class • Family structure • Location/Geography

  6. Society & Culture • Ideal body image • May view being overweight/obese as attractive or even healthy • Do not necessarily place emphasis on healthy eating and body weight “The difference in the perception of ideal body size may help explain the disproportionate rate of obesity between African American and other ethnic populations.” (Chen & Wang, 2011)

  7. Social Class • Social-economic status of families/individuals • Access to healthy foods • Consumption of fast food • Physical activity

  8. Family Structure • Parental presence/support • Parents overall health and well-being • Effective parenting

  9. Location & Geography • Living down south • Difference in lifestyle • Temperature/climate • Lack of alternative transportation • Cultural cooking (Suddath, 2009)

  10. Misconceptions • Percentage of overweight or obesity is same regardless of child’s age, gender, or ethnicity • Childhood obesity is the same no matter where a child lives • Childhood obesity mainly affects a child’s physical health • Ideal body weight for African American women and girls

  11. Programs/Campaigns • The Campaign to End Obesity: Advancing America’s Journey to Healthy Weight • The Kids for Healthy Eating club (KHEE)

  12. Future Trends of Obesity • By 2020... 60 million children will be obese (“Child”, 2013) • Projected that 1 in 3 white children and 1 in 2 ethnic minority children born in 2000 and beyond will become diabetic (Davis & Davis, 2008) • Health care costs will continue to rise • Recent USA Today article stated that it will cost the U.S. health care system $344 billion dollars a year to treat obesity (Hellmich, 2009)

  13. Economic Burden of Obesity • Burden on nation’s healthcare system • Hospital costs for kids with obesity increased from $35 million to $127 million over 20 years (Hudson, 2008) • Many medical and prescription costs associated • Psychological services

  14. Conclusion: Video Clip • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8_RsMtzquVQ

  15. References • Fletcher, A, Cooper, J.R., Helms, P., Northington, L., & Winters, K. (2009). Stemming the tide of childhood obesity in an underserved urban african american population: A pilot study. The ABNF Journal, 20(2), 44-48. • Hellmich, N. (2009). Rising obesity will cost U.S. health care $344 billion a year. Retrieved April 28, 2013 from the USA Today website, http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/health/weightloss/2009-11-17-future-obesity-costs_N.htm. • Hudson, C.E. (2008). An integrative review of obesity prevention in african american children. Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing, 31, 147-170. Overweight and Obesity in the U.S. (2010). Retrieved April 28, 2013 from, http://frac.org/initiatives/hunger-and-obesity/obesity-in-the-us/. • Sealy, Y.M. (2010). Parents’ food choices: Obesity among Childhood Obesity: Separating Fact vs. Fiction (n.d.). Retrieved April 28, 2013 from, https://www.businessgrouphealth.org/pub/f312b9d4-2354-d714-5143-8614b90a9298. • Curtin, S.C., Randolph, S., & Scott, W. (March, 2006). Race/ethnic disparities in childhood obesity: Environmental influences. Paper presented at the Population Associate of America 2006 AnnualMeeting Program, Los Angeles, California. Abstract retrieved from, http://paa2006.princeton.edu/papers/60591. • Davis, S.P. & Davis, M. (2008). A focus group study of african-american obese children in mississippi. Journal of Cultural Diversity, 15(4), 158-162. • Chen, Z. & Wang, Y. (2011). Is ideal body image related to obesity and lifestyle behaviors in African American adolescents? Child: care, health, development, 38 (2), 219-228. • Child Obesity: Too Many Kids are Heavy too Young (2013). Retrieved April 28, 2013 from the Harvard School of Public Health website, • http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/obesity-prevention-source/obesity-trends/global-obesity-trends-in-children/

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