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THE HIGH AND LATE MIDDLE AGES

Chapter 8. THE HIGH AND LATE MIDDLE AGES. Nobles and the Church had far more power – land Battle of Hastings English kings – Christmas day, 1066 William, Duke of Normandy. Monarchs, nobles and the church. Now the king of England, too Monitored his lands Domesday Book Royal exchequer.

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THE HIGH AND LATE MIDDLE AGES

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  1. Chapter 8 THE HIGH AND LATE MIDDLE AGES

  2. Nobles and the Church had far more power – land • Battle of Hastings • English kings – Christmas day, 1066 • William, Duke of Normandy Monarchs, nobles and the church

  3. Now the king of England, too • Monitored his lands • Domesday Book • Royal exchequer William the Conqueror

  4. Inherited the throne Traveling justices – what does this sound like? Common law – legal system based on custom and court rulings Jury – group of men sworn to speak the truth Henry II

  5. Wanted to try clergy in royal courts Thomas Becket says no Assassinated by four knights Henry II

  6. Son of Henry II • Lost lands in Anjou and Normandy • Archbishop of Canterbury issue • Innocent III excommunicated him, interdict King john

  7. 1215 – Magna Carta • Due process of law • habeas corpus • Great Council - Parliament King john

  8. Hugh Capet – Capetians for 300 years!! • 987 • Thought he was weak • Played nobles against each other France!!!

  9. Gained powers and land Albigensians Philip augustus

  10. 1226 Persecuted heretics Two crusades Traveling justices, ended serfdom, heard cases, became a saint in the church Louis IX

  11. Tried to collect taxes from the clergy Pope Boniface VIII says “God has set popes over kings and kingdoms” Philip sends troops to arrest the pope Philiip IV

  12. Pope escapes but dies shortly after Benedict XI dies after eight months Clement V, a Frenchmen, is elected Four years later, moves the papal court to Avignon – Why? The great schism

  13. A new pope is elected in Rome NOW THERE ARE TWO POPES!!!!! The great schism

  14. Germany to Italy Otto I becomes the King of Germany Otto defeats rebellious nobles of the pope so he crowned him “holy” Holy roman empire

  15. Gregory made many reforms – including banning lay investiture Lay investiture – lay person “invested” bishops with the ring and staff that symbolized their office. HRE Henry IV is not happy Henry IV and Gregory VII

  16. 1076 Henry is excommunicated Henry repented Crushed undermining nobles Sent pope into exile Excommunication

  17. 1122 Church has the sole power to elect and invest bishops and the emperor could give them fiefs Concordat of worms

  18. “Red Beard” Tried to unite Italy with the HRE Frederick I “frederickbarbarossa”

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