Grammar

1. Grammar Patterns K and L

2. Pattern K: Infinitive phrase, SV • V = verb: action verb or linking verb • Infinitive Phrase= Verb form that begins with “to” and is followed by a verb with no additional endings -Infinitives are actually nouns, adjectives, or adverbs -Pattern K does NOT use the infinitive as the subject

3. Pattern K Example To show another example, the teacher turned on the projector. Step 1: Cross out prepositional phrases. ON THE PROJECTOR(ON= preposition) Step 2: Find the action. TURNED(verb) -Underline the verb twice. Step 3: Who or what “turned” ? TEACHER(subject) -Underline the subject once. Step 4: “To” + Verb begins the sentence. The phrase is followed by a comma. This is an infinitive phrase. Step 5: “To” + verb (infinitive) phrase followed by a subject and verb, so place a comma after the introductory infinitive phrase. PATTERN K

4. Pattern L: SV;SV (I;I) • V = verb: action verb or linking verb • S = subject: person or thing • ; = semicolon: joins independent clauses

5. Pattern L: SV;SV (I;I) Step 1: Cross out any prepositional phrases. Step 2: Find the verbs. -Underline the complete verb twice in each part Step 3: Ask “who or what is (insert verb)?” Step 4: If you have an SV on both sides of the “;,” you have Pattern L: SV;SV

6. Pattern L Example Mr. Brush enjoys painting; Ms. Clay thoroughly dislikes it. Step 1: Cross out prepositional phrases. NONE Step 2: Find the action. ENJOYS/DISLIKES(verb) -Underline the verb twice. Step 3: Who or what “enjoys/dislikes” ? MR. BRUSH/MS. CLAY(subject) -Underline the subject once. Step 4: Does the “;” have a SV on both sides of it? YES PATTERN L