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PPA786: Urban Policy

PPA786: Urban Policy. Class 1: Introduction. Urban Policy: Introduction . Class Outline Review Course Requirements and Readings Introduce Census Urban Geography. Urban Policy: Introduction . Urban Policy: Introduction . Urban Policy: Introduction . Urban Policy: Introduction .

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PPA786: Urban Policy

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  1. PPA786: Urban Policy Class 1: Introduction

  2. Urban Policy: Introduction • Class Outline • Review Course Requirements and Readings • Introduce Census Urban Geography

  3. Urban Policy: Introduction

  4. Urban Policy: Introduction

  5. Urban Policy: Introduction

  6. Urban Policy: Introduction

  7. Urban Policy: Introduction

  8. Urban Policy: Introduction

  9. Urban Policy: Introduction • Course Outline • Introduction • Evaluation of social programs • Housing • Basic analytical tools • Housing problems and housing policy • Discrimination and Segregation • Concentrated Poverty and Welfare Programs • Employment and Economic Development

  10. Urban Policy: Introduction • Course Requirements • 1. Case Studies • Participate in discussions • Write memo • 2. City Journal • Essays on topics in the class • Turned in twice; three entries in all • 3. Policy Summit • Group presentation • Policy memo

  11. Urban Policy: Introduction • Alternative Definitions of “Urban” • Common Usage • Urban = large city (and perhaps its inner suburbs) • Defined as governmental units • Census Definition (explored below) • Urban = metropolitan = large cities, their counties, and the counties that are linked to them • Analytical Definition • Urban = place with relatively high population density

  12. Urban Policy: Introduction • Census Geographic Units • Region • Division • State • County • County subdivision • Place (or part) • Census tract (or part) • Block group (or part) • Census block

  13. Urban Policy: Introduction • Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) • A metropolitan statistical area (MSA) combines a large population nucleus with adjacent counties that have a high degree of economic and social integration with that nucleus. • Each MA must contain either a place with a minimum population of 50,000 or a U.S. Census Bureau-defined urbanized area and a total MA population of at least 100,000.

  14. Urban Policy: Introduction • Micropolitan Statistical Area • A micropolitan statistical area is a mini MSA. • It must have a central place with a population between 10,000 and 50,000.

  15. Urban Policy: Introduction • Consolidated and Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA and PMSA) • If an MSA has 1 million people or more, two or more primary metropolitan statistical areas (PMSAs) may be defined within it. • Each PMSA consists of a large urbanized county or cluster of counties that demonstrate strong economic and social links to other portions of the larger area. • When PMSAs are established, the larger MSA of which they are component parts is designated a consolidated metropolitan statistical area (CMSA).

  16. Urban Policy: Introduction • Central City • In each MSA, PMSA, and CMSA, the largest place and, in some cases, one or more additional places are designated as ‘‘central cities.’’ • The largest central city and, in some cases, up to two additional central cities, are included in the title of the MSA.

  17. Urban Policy: Introduction • Urbanized Area (UA) • An urbanized area (UA) consists of densely settled territory that contains 50,000 or more people. • The U.S. Census Bureau delineates UAs to provide a better separation of urban and rural territory, population, and housing in the vicinity of large places. • This is closest to analytical definition, but it is not used for most types of data.

  18. Urban Policy: Introduction • Census Tract • Census tracts are small, relatively permanent statistical subdivisions of a county or statistically equivalent entity delineated by local participants. • The primary purpose of census tracts is to provide a stable set of geographic units for the presentation of decennial census data, but their boundaries sometimes change. • Census tracts generally have between 1,500 and 8,000 people, with an optimum size of 4,000.

  19. Urban Policy: Introduction • Census Block • Census blocks are areas bounded on all sides by visible features, such as streets, or by invisible boundaries, such as city limits. • Generally, census blocks are small in area; for example, a block bounded by city streets. However, census blocks in sparsely settled areas may contain many square miles of territory.

  20. Urban Policy: Introduction • Other Terms • A ‘‘metropolitan area’’ (MA) is either an MSA, a CMSA, or a PMSA. • A “core-based statistical area’’ (CBSA) is either an MSA or a micropolitanstatistical areas. • A “census block group” is just what it sounds like—an intermediate geography between census blocks and census tracts.

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  23. Urban Policy: Introduction • Number of Metropolitan Areas • As of December 2009, there were • 366 MSAs and 576 micropolitanstatistical areas in the United States • In addition, there were 8 MSAs and 5 micropolitan statistical areas in Puerto Rico.

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