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Jones 22 Chapter 22 Great Depression New Deal

Jones 22 Chapter 22 Great Depression New Deal. THE GREAT DEPRESSION. Causes of the Crisis “We Are Not Bums” Surviving Hard Times The Dust Bowl.

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Jones 22 Chapter 22 Great Depression New Deal

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  1. Jones 22 Chapter 22 • Great Depression • New Deal

  2. THE GREAT DEPRESSION • Causes of the Crisis • “We Are Not Bums” • Surviving Hard Times • The Dust Bowl

  3. “…not the working classes that brought on the economic crisis, it was the big boys that thought the financial drunk was going to last forever, and overbought, overmerged, and overcapitalized.” Will Rogers, 1934

  4. Causes of the Crisis • Excessive profits , concentration of wealth upper class • Overproduction in many industries, farms • Stock market crash 1929 undermined confidence in investment and spending • Workers and consumers received a smaller share profits • Internationally, exports fall, and foreign nations unable to repay debts to U.S.

  5. “We Are Not Bums” • 25% of population or 40 million Americans were unemployed • No savings and great debt, no safety net for unemployed • Individual families provide safety net • 200,000 young men “riding the rails”: hobos

  6. Surviving Hard Times Mexican Americans depend on children’s wages • 1/3 of family wages • Deportation of 500,000 Mexicans from 1931 to 1934, 1/3 of population

  7. The Dust Bowl • Drought in Oklahoma, Texas, Kansas, Colorado, New Mexico (the Dust Bowl) • April 14, 1935: blown dust turns the skies black and kills livestock • Exodusters - Migration away from the Dust Bowl

  8. Dorothea Lange, photographer John Steinbeck, author Grapes of Wrath

  9. President Herbert Hoover: Tackling the Crisis • Stressed recovery of business • Reconstruction Finance Corporation 1932, gov’t credit to ailing banks, railroads, insurance company • Expected charities to provide aid to poor

  10. Franklin Delano Roosevelt: Landslide victory - Democrat • March 4, 1932 inaugural address: “Nothing to fear but fear itself” • Fireside chats; addressed masses by radio • Born into a family of wealth and privilege, attended Harvard, and Columbia University law school • Married to Theodore Roosevelt’s niece, Eleanor Roosevelt

  11. THE NEW DEAL RELIEF, REFORM, RECOVERYStrengthening of federal government • Prohibition repealed • Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (today $100,000) • Federal Emergency Relief Act (cash relief and work relief • Civilian Conservation Corps • National Industrial Recovery Act (National Recovery Administration) • Home Owners’ Loan Corporation

  12. The Second New Deal • The Social Security program: unemployment insurance, welfare benefits for dependent children and the disabled • The Works Progress Administration • Federal Art Project • Federal Theatre Project

  13. A NEW POLITICAL CULTURE The Labor Movement • The Wagner Act of 1935 • Congress of Industrial Organization (CIO) as part of the American Federation of Labor • General Motors strikes

  14. A NEW POLITICAL CULTURE The New Deal Coalition • Northern African Americans , Latinos, European immigrants switch to the Democratic Party • Modern liberalism

  15. A New Americanism • A new diverse, inclusive country Arts reflect common man Movies challenge gender and class hierarchies Sports diversify: DiMaggio, Joe Louis New Social Contract

  16. Diego Rivera

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