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Digital Home Infrastructure Gateways/Routers, Access Points and Ethernet Bridge Product Requirements

Digital Home Infrastructure Gateways/Routers, Access Points and Ethernet Bridge Product Requirements. John Pennock Program Manager Windows eHome Microsoft jpenn @ microsoft.com . Jim Barber Program Manager XBox Live Microsoft jbarber @ microsoft.com . Glenn Ward Program Manager

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Digital Home Infrastructure Gateways/Routers, Access Points and Ethernet Bridge Product Requirements

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  1. Digital Home InfrastructureGateways/Routers, Access Points and Ethernet Bridge Product Requirements John Pennock Program Manager Windows eHome Microsoft jpenn @ microsoft.com Jim Barber Program Manager XBox Live Microsoft jbarber @ microsoft.com Glenn Ward Program Manager Windows Networking Microsoft gward @ microsoft.com

  2. Session Outline • Windows Connect Now (WCN) program summary • Home network issues, Windows codenamed “Longhorn” solutions • Setup and Configuration • Network Basics • QoS and Connectivity • Discovery and Control • Management and Diagnostics • Interoperability requirements per device class • Residential Gateway • Wireless AP / Bridge

  3. Session Goals and Terminology Today’s Goals • Better understanding of Longhorn technologies applicable to home networking infrastructure • Show next steps to implement the necessary technologies in your devices Terms used • Residential Gateway (RG) • Has WAN interface, routed, with modem • Typically Router, DHCP server, NAT • Often employs UPnP IGD • Wireless Access Point (WLAN AP) • ‘Pure’ access point • Wired to wireless bridge • Hybrid Device • Integrated Gateway, Access Point (RG+WLAN AP)

  4. Connectivity Foundation Technology Management,Diagnostics • Link Layer Topology Discovery • Extensible Diagnostics Identity and Authentication • WEP, WPA Discovery and Control • Web Services for Devices, UPnP • PnPx Transparent Connectivity , QoS • NAT Traversal, qWave • IPv6 Network and Bus Basics • 802.3 Router behavior • 802.11 Wireless bandwidth Setup and Configuration • Windows Connect Now - Config • Device Association

  5. Setting Context: The Digital Home Network

  6. Problem: Secure WirelessNetwork Setup is Too Difficult • Too much manual configuration • Service Set Identifier (SSID) • Wireless Equivalent Protection (WEP) key • Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) Pre-Shared Key (PSK) • No consistent way to do basic Access Point (AP) setup • Varied setup wizards • Most wireless networks are set up insecurely • Bottom line… Too many support calls and product returns!

  7. Solution Family: Windows Connect Now - Config Ethernet USB Cable Currently Available Flash Config Longhorn In-Band USB Cable

  8. DemoYounus AftabProgram ManagerWindows Networking Hybrid Device (RG+WLAN AP) and Streaming Internet Cameravia Windows Connect Now-Config

  9. WCN-Config Roadmap: Web Services for Devices (WSD) • Device Profile for RG, WLAN AP currentlyunder development • Enables • Multiple Security methods • Rich discovery, control • Vendor Extensions – expose differentiating features • Built on industry standards defined in the Device Profile for Web Services (DPWS) • WS-* • XML • SOAP • WSDL • MTOM • For more information • fconfig @ microsoft.com

  10. Problem: Poor WLAN Streaming Media (TV/Video) Experience (1 of 2) • Current bandwidth is not good enough for Media • Current popular home WLAN even at max rate have marginal bandwidth – 802.11b ~ 6 Mbps and802.11g ~ 22 Mbps • Streaming SD or HD Video is demanding • Standard Definition Television - 8 Mbps • High Definition Television – 19 Mbps • Shared Medium hurts bandwidth • A single 802.11b client can make an 802.11g client 80% inefficient

  11. Problem: Poor WLAN Streaming Media (TV/Video) Experience (2 of 2) • Wireless Interference destroys streaming media • Microwave Ovens, Baby monitors, Cordless phones • Buffers are usually only seconds long • Range • Indoor walls/floors/obstructions are more important than linear distance • Long-term reliability is not certified or tested

  12. Is Your Media Stuck in Traffic? Data Media Media Data Data 802.11g Media shares with other 802.11a & 802.11g Media has separate highway

  13. Solution: Streaming Media NetworksNeed an Upgrade! • Dual-bandaccess points and bridges • 802.11a for Media • 802.11g for Internet/Data • Quality of Service prioritization and mapping • WMM, 802.1p, DSCP • Long-term reliability testing and stress • 22 Mbps for 1 hour with <1% packet loss • Bandwidth improvements on 5 Ghz! • MIMO, 802.11n all on the 802.11a band

  14. Current requirements (DfMCE 2004) for Wireless Routers, APs, and Bridges • Wi-Fi Certified Dualband (802.11g & 802.11a) • Range: 60 ft indoor through 2 walls at max rate • Diversity Antennas (2) • Xbox Live Certified • 15 Mbps for 30 min < 1% packet loss

  15. New Requirements (DfMCE 2005) for Wireless Routers, APs, and Bridges • Wi-Fi Certified Dualband (802.11g & 802.11a) • Range: 60 ft indoor through 2 walls at max rate • Diversity Antennas (2) • Xbox Live Certified • 22 Mbps for 1 hour < 1% packet loss • Wi-Fi certified WMM and WPA-PSK • QoS tagging converted on all interfaces (Wi-Fi to Ethernet to WAN to …) • WCN-FlashConfig

  16. Longhorn Premium (2006) Requirements for Wireless Routers, APs, and Bridges • Wi-Fi Certified Dualband (802.11g & 802.11a) • 802.11n on 5 Ghz instead of 802.11a when ratified • Range: 60 ft indoor through 2 walls at max rate • Diversity Antennas (2) or MIMO antenna system • Xbox Live Certified • 22 Mbps for 2 hours < 1% packet loss • Wi-Fi certified WMM and WPA-PSK • QoS tagging converted on all interfaces (Wi-Fi to Ethernet to WAN to …) • WCN-Config: Ethernet, Wi-Fior FlashConfig • Link-layer Topology Discovery (LLTD)

  17. Streaming Media Call to Action • Create the best ‘premium’ routers, APs, and bridges that support streaming media • Streaming Media requires new and better wireless gear • Follow the Logo Roadmap • DfMCE ’04, DfMCE ’05, LH Premium

  18. Problem: NAT Breaks End-To-End Network Connectivity • What NAT provides • Multiplex an IP address / share a network connection • NAT makes private network look like one PC • NAT blocks unsolicited traffic - provides boundary • What NAT Breaks • Private IP address in packet’s data section don’t get translated • Active FTP, H323, SIP, etc… • Blocks unsolicited traffic – bad for connectivity • MSN / Windows Messenger Sessions, Direct Play • Effects a broad range of Network Application 192.168.0.175 157.254.32.4 192.168.0.1 Residential Gateway (NAT) 192.168.0.25

  19. UPnP IGDv1 • MSN Messenger accepting incoming file transfer from behind a UPnP enabled NAT UPnP IGD UPnP IGD

  20. Solution 1: UPnP Internet GatewayDevice (IGD) v1 • UPnP IGD v1 standard improves app connectivity • Discover and MonitorNAT, public IP address • Create / remove port mappings • Longhorn Enhancements • Extended action support ! • Byte Counters – required in Longhorn • WANCommonInterfaceConfig : GetTotalBytesSent and GetTotalBytesReceived • PnP-X Metadata: Required / Optional (opt. marked with *) but recommended: • deviceType, manufacturer, modelName, modelNumber, friendlyName, *hardwareID, *compatibleID, *deviceCategory • IGD Support in Windows • Network Setup Wizard, Network Connections Folder, Network Explorer, Function Discovery, PnP-X • Direct Play, Remote Assistance, Windows / MSN Messenger, RTC Stack, NAT Traversal API on Windows XP 3rd Party Applications • UPnP IGD v1 standard widely adopted • Actiontec, Belkin, Broadcom, D-Link, Conexant, Fujitsu, Intel, Linksys, Microsoft, Netgear, Sony, Thomson IGD or WS Device Profile must be on by default!

  21. Solution 2: Internet ProtocolVersion 6 (IPv6) • Longhorn enables IPv6 by default! • Are your products ready? • Supplements IPv4; eliminates NAT problems • IPv6-aware RG: clients get public IPv6 address • RG support for IPv6 technologies • Local Area Network (LAN) • Router Advertisement/Neighbor Discovery • Wide Area Network (WAN) • For IPv6 enabled ISPs – prefix delegation • For IPv4 enabled ISPs – 6to4 tunneling (required transition technology) • 6to4 NAT Protocol Translation (NAT-PT) not recommended • IPv6: Product differentiator with Longhorn • P2P, .NET Applications, Web Services, Real Time Communication

  22. Problem: Improper Router BehaviorBreaks Online Gaming Experience • Some routers exhibiting problematic behavior • NAT port assignment, filtering policies • Online gaming experience suffers • Test and Certification program created to help solve • Port policy, Port filtering definitions: • Port Policy: Minimal (UDP port per client), Aggressive (UDP port per destination) • Filter rules • No Filtering (aka act as a “Full Cone” NAT) • Address Sensitive Filtering • Address & Port Sensitive Filtering Avoid Symmetric NAT behavior – implement Cone UPnP IGD or WS on by default -> most problems solved

  23. Solution: Xbox Live TESTS for Routers / Gateways • XBOX Live: Does the device allow clients to connect? • NAT type: How does the device perform NAT? • UPnP IGD: Is UPnP present and enabled by default? • UDP Test: Can packets from multiple IP addresses traverse through device’s NAT implementation? • ICMP: Proper response to ICMP port-unreachable packets? • MTU: Support MTU size? (XBL max 1365) • Ports: Ability to download packets on ports 80 and 3074? • DHCP: Is the same IP received? Lease duration? • Session policy: Does port association stay open when only “keep alive” traffic is present? • TCP FIN response: Is the socket association kept even after internal client sends a TCP FIN?

  24. Problem: Home Networksare Hard to Diagnose • Users having difficulties setting up their network • Users don’t know or want to know how their networks are wired • We still have a way to go until networking is truly “plug and play” • Multiple points of failure • Hubs, Switches, Gateways, APs, Bridges, Modems, Cables • Requires technical skill set to fix • Tedious to check power, connectivity, link integrity to discover issues • Remote support effectiveness limited by lack of network connectivity • Difficult support experience • Takes up time and generates user frustration • Erodes customer satisfaction and trust • Expensive for vendors to support • Blame the issue on the wrong device; may result in product return!

  25. Solution: Link Layer TopologyDiscovery (LLTD) • Topology Discovery Protocol is a Longhorn diagnostic technology • Creates baseline network image • Locates connectivity failures: • Unplugged cables, broken links; removed, powered off, or malfunctioning devices • Removes tediousness of diagnostic process. • RG and WLAN AP can provide following data via Topology Discovery • Discover collocated devices: (AP, Bridge, Modem) • Brand, model, firmware of RG

  26. Summary: Technical Guidelines for Residential Gateways • WCN-Config • InBand (Ethernet, Wi-Fi) requiredOutOfBand (FlashConfig, USB cable) optional • Discovery and Control • Discovery & control (UPnP or WSD) on by default • Populate required PnP-X metadata • Choose 1: • UPnPTM IGD 1.0 Standard, with Byte Counters enabled, or • Device Profile for Web Services (future) • Router Behavior • Xbox Live Certification • Proper NAT type, Port assignments, TCP Fin, etc. • Link-layer Topology Discovery (LLTD) • Include timed-probe extension • Quality of Service (QoS) • WAN – DSCP mapping • Support 802.1p tags on 802.3 interfaces • IPv6 6to4 Tunneling - recommended • Optional • Native Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) • WCN-Config Vendor Extensions

  27. Summary: Technical Guidelines for Wireless APs • WCN-Config • Choice – one or more of InBand (Ethernet, Wi-Fi) or OutOfBand (FlashConfig, USB cable) methods • Discovery and Control • Discovery and control (UPnP or WSD) on by default • Populate required PnP-X metadata • Windows MCE requirements • Dualband (a+g) radios • Diversity Antennas (2) or MIMO antenna system • MIMO and 802.11n radios must be on 5 Ghz band • Reliability, throughput and range testing • 22 Mbps for 2 hours < 1% packet loss , @ 60 ft. • Xbox Live Certification • Proper NAT type, Port assignments, TCP Fin, etc. • Wi-Fi certified WMM and WPA-PSK • Support Wi-Fi WMM for 802.11 products • In addition to 802.1p & WMM, support DSCP • Link Layer Topology Discovery (LLTD) with timed-probe extension • If integrated with RG… • see RG requirements • Optional • Native Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) • WCN-Config Vendor Extensions

  28. Call to Action • RG, WLAN AP Design Guidelines Whitepaper! • CD or http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=46280 • Program and licensing information http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/device/netAttach/wcnlic.mspx • Simple, unified licensing terms, easy to implement • Questions? Email fconfig @ microsoft.com • Attend plugfests • Most recent plugfest was April 11th – 12th • Next plugfest: July 25th – 26th

  29. Related Talks • WinHEC • TWMO05007  Wireless Configuration for Simple and Secure Setup • TWMO05006  Network Topology: Connectivity Visualized • TWMO05005  Web Services for Devices: The .NET Vision Realized • TWMO05011 qWave and Quality of Service • TWMO05004  Device and PC Integration with Discovery, Plug and Play, Publication, and Network Explorer • TWMO05010 Implementations for Web Services

  30. Additional Resources (Part 1) • Design Guidelines Whitepaper • http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=46280 • Windows Connect Now - Configuration http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/device/netAttach/WCN.mspx • Website contents: Whitepapers, requirements, etc. • Contact: fconfig @ microsoft.com • UPnP IGDv1 standard • Support UPnP IGDv1 http://www.upnp.com/standardizeddcps/igd.asp • Certify your device www.upnp-ic.com • Follow these tips to ensure Windows Compatibility: www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/winxppro/deploy/nattrnsv.mspx

  31. Additional Resources (Part 2) • Web Services and Web Services for Devices • Web Services: http://msdn.microsoft.com/webservices/default.aspx • Web Services Feedback Workshops: http://msdn.microsoft.com/webservices/community/workshops/ • Web Services Basics: http://msdn.microsoft.com/webservices/understanding/webservicebasics/default.aspx • Devices Profile for Web Services: http://msdn.microsoft.com/ws/2004/08/devprof • WS-Discovery http://msdn.microsoft.com/ws/2004/10/ws-discovery/ • WinHEC Longhorn Build! • DVD handed out at WinHEC

  32. Additional Resources (Part 3) • WinHEC documentation CD • Network Connected Devices Technology Overview • PnP-X, Function Discovery, WSD • Implementer’s Guide • Readme/ How-To on Beta 1 PnP-X UI • IPv6 • Implement following IETF Drafts/RFCs • IPv6 http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2460.txt • Neighbor discovery http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2461.txt • 6to4 www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3056.txt?number=3056/ • Utilize “IPv6 Support in Internet Gateway Devices” Whitepaper http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/hwdev/tech/network/IPv6_IGD.mspx

  33. Additional Resources (Part 4) • Designed for Windows Media Center Logo • http://www.microsoft.com/WindowsXP/MediaCenter/partners/dfw.mspx • qWAVE API’s and QoS • http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/device/stream/Home-AVstream.mspx • XBox Live • Whitepaper: http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/winhec/papers04.mspx • Router FAQ: http://www.xbox.com/en-AU/live/start/connect/faq/routers.htm • Wi-Fi Alliance Certification • Details at: www.wi-fi.org

  34. Community Resources • Windows Hardware & Driver Central (WHDC) • www.microsoft.com/whdc/default.mspx • Technical Communities • www.microsoft.com/communities/products/default.mspx • Non-Microsoft Community Sites • www.microsoft.com/communities/related/default.mspx • Microsoft Public Newsgroups • www.microsoft.com/communities/newsgroups • Technical Chats and Webcasts • www.microsoft.com/communities/chats/default.mspx • www.microsoft.com/webcasts • Microsoft Blogs • www.microsoft.com/communities/blogs

  35. questions

  36. © 2005 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. This presentation is for informational purposes only. Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied, in this summary.

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