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Lecture 3 BIOL L100 Indiana University Southeast David Partin, Instructor

Lecture 3 BIOL L100 Indiana University Southeast David Partin, Instructor. Today’s Plan…. Lecture: Cell Structure & Function (Ch4-5) Video clip One-Minute Paper Lab. The Cell. A cell is the smallest unit of living matter. Don’t confuse this with: atom, element, proton, etc.

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Lecture 3 BIOL L100 Indiana University Southeast David Partin, Instructor

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  1. Lecture 3BIOL L100 Indiana University SoutheastDavid Partin, Instructor

  2. Today’s Plan… • Lecture: Cell Structure & Function (Ch4-5) • Video clip • One-Minute Paper • Lab

  3. The Cell • A cell is the smallest unit of living matter. • Don’t confuse this with: atom, element, proton, etc.

  4. Cell Theory • “Theory” is not a casual term in science. • Tested innumerable times with consistent results. • Universally accepted • One of the most basic, fundamental concepts in the foundation of biology.

  5. Cell Theory • 1800s; several scientists working independently had similar results • 1. All organisms are made of cells. • 2. A cell is the structural & function unit of organs. • 3. All cells come from pre-existing cells. • 4. Cells are capable of self-reproduction.

  6. Cell Size

  7. Types of Organisms • Unicellular organisms • Bacteria, Protists, etc. • Multicellular organisms • Plants • Animals • Muscles, skin, nerves, liver, digestive, bones, blood, immune system, lungs, etc.

  8. Cell Structure & Function Bacteria

  9. Cell Structure & Function Typical Plant

  10. Cell Structure & Function Generic Animal Cell

  11. Cytoplasm Nucleus Chromosomes, nuclear envelope, nuclear pores, nucleolus Ribosomes Endoplasmic reticulum (smooth & rough) Golgi Apparatus Lysosomes Vesicles Peroxisomes Vacuoles Chloroplast Mitochondria Cytoskeleton Centrioles Cilia, Flagella Plasma Membrane Cellular Organelles • “Cell City” website: http://www.open2.net/science/cellcity/cellcity.html

  12. Nucleus: DNA stored here.The Control Center Nuclear envelope: membrane surrounding the nucleus Nuclear pores: open portals of communication between the nucleus & cytoplasm Chromatin: condensed DNA Chromosome: very tightly packed DNA Nucleolus: dense region of chromatin

  13. Ribosomes: protein factoriesRough ER: make proteins (studded with ribosomes)Smooth ER: make lipids, modify proteins made in RER

  14. Protein Production

  15. 1-receives proteins & lipids in membrane-bound vesicles from ER.2-modifies those proteins & lipids.3-sorts and ships the proteins & lipids away in membrane-bound vesicles.

  16. Mitochondria & Chloroplast: Power Stations of the cell

  17. The Endosymbiont Hypothesis

  18. Cytoskeleton: provides structure and Support for the cell. Also provides a Scaffolding for vesicle transportation.

  19. Specialized variations of the cytoskeleton (seen only in specific cells).

  20. Cytoskeleton is made of these proteins…

  21. Cell membrane (plasma membrane)

  22. Plasma membrane is made up of • Mostly phospholipids • Proteins • Cholesterol • carbohydrates

  23. Diffusion: movement of a substance from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

  24. Oxygen and carbon dioxide DIFFUSE across the walls of blood vessels and the lining of the lungs.

  25. Diffusion

  26. Exocytosis = leaving the cell

  27. Endocytosis

  28. Time for recess! • What’s next? • Video clip • “one minute paper” • Lab

  29. Overview of today’s lab… • 3 eggs, each in a different solution • Distilled water • 20% sucrose • 40% sucrose • Weigh each egg before beginning the experiment, then at 20 minute intervals. • Eggs represent cells. We will use these results to explain concepts in next week’s classes.

  30. Preparation for next class: • Topics: Metabolism and Photosynthesis • Skim/Read Ch. 6-7 • Focus on: Ch 6, sections 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 & all section summaries, including 6.4 summary • Focus on: Ch 7, section 7.1, and p.119 • Look for online quizzes.

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